Laser Induced Micro/Nano Functional
Surfaces on Metals for Biomedical
Applications
Srinivasan Arthanari, Jiaru Zhang, Xianda Xue, Yan Li,
and Yingchun Guan
Abstract Laser processing is one of the precise techniques to achieve functional
surfaces with micro/nanostructures on metallic materials. The controlled laserinduced structures on metallic implants significantly alter the mechanical properties,
chemical stability, and bioactivity. Therefore, the present chapter emphasizes the
recent research works on laser processing such as selective laser melting (SLM),
laser surface melting (LSM), laser surface patterning of various metallic implant
materials. The surface characteristics, and biomedical applications of processed
surfaces are summarized. Various textures from micron to the nanometer-scale
on permanent and degradable implants produced using high energy pulsed lasers
enhanced the biomineralization and cell proliferation behaviors. Furthermore, the
laser micro/nanotextured surfaces with different surface roughness and chemical
composition improved the antibacterial activity of the implants, and also directed the
cell attachment depending on the size/nature of the nanostructures. The femtosecond
laser was used to develop the laser-induced periodic surface structure (LIPSS) on titanium alloys. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) response of adsorbed
S. Arthanari · J. Zhang · Y. Guan
School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang
University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
S. Arthanari · Y. Guan
Hefei Innovation Research Institute of Beihang University,
Xinzhan Hi-Tech District, Anhui 230012, China
X. Xue · Y. Li
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University,
Beijing 100191, China
Y. Li
Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang
University, Beijing 100191, China
Y. Guan (B)
National Engineering Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing for
Large Metallic Components, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
e-mail: guanyingchun@buaa.edu.cn
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
T. S. Santra and L. Mohan (eds.), Nanomaterials and Their Biomedical Applications,
Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering 16,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6252-9_15
439
Surfaces on Metals for Biomedical
Applications
Srinivasan Arthanari, Jiaru Zhang, Xianda Xue, Yan Li,
and Yingchun Guan
Abstract Laser processing is one of the precise techniques to achieve functional
surfaces with micro/nanostructures on metallic materials. The controlled laserinduced structures on metallic implants significantly alter the mechanical properties,
chemical stability, and bioactivity. Therefore, the present chapter emphasizes the
recent research works on laser processing such as selective laser melting (SLM),
laser surface melting (LSM), laser surface patterning of various metallic implant
materials. The surface characteristics, and biomedical applications of processed
surfaces are summarized. Various textures from micron to the nanometer-scale
on permanent and degradable implants produced using high energy pulsed lasers
enhanced the biomineralization and cell proliferation behaviors. Furthermore, the
laser micro/nanotextured surfaces with different surface roughness and chemical
composition improved the antibacterial activity of the implants, and also directed the
cell attachment depending on the size/nature of the nanostructures. The femtosecond
laser was used to develop the laser-induced periodic surface structure (LIPSS) on titanium alloys. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) response of adsorbed
S. Arthanari · J. Zhang · Y. Guan
School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang
University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
S. Arthanari · Y. Guan
Hefei Innovation Research Institute of Beihang University,
Xinzhan Hi-Tech District, Anhui 230012, China
X. Xue · Y. Li
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University,
Beijing 100191, China
Y. Li
Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang
University, Beijing 100191, China
Y. Guan (B)
National Engineering Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing for
Large Metallic Components, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
e-mail: guanyingchun@buaa.edu.cn
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
T. S. Santra and L. Mohan (eds.), Nanomaterials and Their Biomedical Applications,
Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering 16,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6252-9_15
439