Biomedical Applications
of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials
Jyotsna, L. Stanley Abraham, Rathore Hanumant Singh, Ramesh C. Panda,
and T. Senthilvelan
Abstract Nanomaterials are the solid colloidal particles in size ranging from 1 to
100 nm. Nanomaterials provide novel physicochemical properties with the increased
surface to volume ratio from their bulk particles. Over the last two decades, several
nanomaterials have been engineered precisely for their applications in diagnosis,
targeted drug delivery, bio-imaging, biosensors, and also in therapeutics. Since the
discovery of carbon allotropes, carbon-based nanomaterials have become important
in the field of biomedicine due to their unique physio-chemical properties, high
mechanical strength, and optical properties. In this chapter, carbon-based nanomaterials such as Nanodiamonds (NDs), Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), Buckminsterfullerene
(C 60 ), Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), Carbon nanohorns (CNs) and its biomedical
applications are described briefly. These nanoparticles allow the diagnosis and detection at the molecular scale with the addition of fluorescent probes. They provide more
specificity and sensitivity in bio-imaging in drug delivery and cancer treatment.
Keywords Nanobiomaterials · Carbon nanotubes · Nanodiamonds · Fullerenes
Jyotsna · T. Senthilvelan (B)
Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES–Earth Science
and Technology Cell, Col. Dr. Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute
of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
e-mail: senthiltlm02@gmail.com
L. Stanley Abraham · R. Hanumant Singh
Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Nagaland University (A
Central University Established by an Act of Parliament), D. C. Court Junction, Dimapur,
Nagaland 797112, India
R. C. Panda
Chemical Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI),
Chennai, India
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
T. S. Santra and L. Mohan (eds.), Nanomaterials and Their Biomedical Applications,
Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering 16,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6252-9_6
157
of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials
Jyotsna, L. Stanley Abraham, Rathore Hanumant Singh, Ramesh C. Panda,
and T. Senthilvelan
Abstract Nanomaterials are the solid colloidal particles in size ranging from 1 to
100 nm. Nanomaterials provide novel physicochemical properties with the increased
surface to volume ratio from their bulk particles. Over the last two decades, several
nanomaterials have been engineered precisely for their applications in diagnosis,
targeted drug delivery, bio-imaging, biosensors, and also in therapeutics. Since the
discovery of carbon allotropes, carbon-based nanomaterials have become important
in the field of biomedicine due to their unique physio-chemical properties, high
mechanical strength, and optical properties. In this chapter, carbon-based nanomaterials such as Nanodiamonds (NDs), Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), Buckminsterfullerene
(C 60 ), Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), Carbon nanohorns (CNs) and its biomedical
applications are described briefly. These nanoparticles allow the diagnosis and detection at the molecular scale with the addition of fluorescent probes. They provide more
specificity and sensitivity in bio-imaging in drug delivery and cancer treatment.
Keywords Nanobiomaterials · Carbon nanotubes · Nanodiamonds · Fullerenes
Jyotsna · T. Senthilvelan (B)
Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES–Earth Science
and Technology Cell, Col. Dr. Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute
of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
e-mail: senthiltlm02@gmail.com
L. Stanley Abraham · R. Hanumant Singh
Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Nagaland University (A
Central University Established by an Act of Parliament), D. C. Court Junction, Dimapur,
Nagaland 797112, India
R. C. Panda
Chemical Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI),
Chennai, India
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
T. S. Santra and L. Mohan (eds.), Nanomaterials and Their Biomedical Applications,
Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering 16,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6252-9_6
157