Ferromagnetic Instability in PAAI
in the Sky
R. MacKenzie, M. B. Paranjape, and U. A. Yajnik
Abstract We study an idealised plasma of fermions, coupled through an abelian
gauge force U(1) X , and which is asymmetric in that the masses of the oppositely charged species are greatly unequal. The system is dubbed PAAI, plasma
asymétrique, abélien et idéalisé. It is argued that due to the ferromagnetic instability
that arises, the ground state gives rise to a complex of domain walls. This complex
being held together by stresses much stronger than cosmic gravity, does not evolve
with the scale factor and along with the heavier oppositely charged partners
simulates the required features of Dark Energy with mass scale for the lighter
fermions in the micro-eV to nano-eV range. Further, residual X-magnetic fields can
mix with Maxwell electromagnetism to provide the seed for cosmic-scale magnetic
fields. Thus the scenario can explain several cosmological puzzles including Dark
Energy.
Keywords Itinerant ferromagnetism · Dark energy · Domain walls
1 Introduction
There are several important unresolved issues in our current understanding of
cosmology. Paramount among these are the problems of Dark Matter (DM) and
Dark Energy (DE). Within the Λ-CDM model DM assists in galaxy formation and
R. MacKenzie
Département de physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
e-mail: richard.mackenzie@umontreal.ca
M. B. Paranjape
Département de physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
Centre de Recherches Mathématiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
e-mail: paranj@lps.umontreal.ca
U. A. Yajnik ()
Physics Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
e-mail: yajnik@iitb.ac.in
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. B. Paranjape et al. (eds.), Quantum Theory and Symmetries, CRM Series in
Mathematical Physics, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55777-5_45
481
in the Sky
R. MacKenzie, M. B. Paranjape, and U. A. Yajnik
Abstract We study an idealised plasma of fermions, coupled through an abelian
gauge force U(1) X , and which is asymmetric in that the masses of the oppositely charged species are greatly unequal. The system is dubbed PAAI, plasma
asymétrique, abélien et idéalisé. It is argued that due to the ferromagnetic instability
that arises, the ground state gives rise to a complex of domain walls. This complex
being held together by stresses much stronger than cosmic gravity, does not evolve
with the scale factor and along with the heavier oppositely charged partners
simulates the required features of Dark Energy with mass scale for the lighter
fermions in the micro-eV to nano-eV range. Further, residual X-magnetic fields can
mix with Maxwell electromagnetism to provide the seed for cosmic-scale magnetic
fields. Thus the scenario can explain several cosmological puzzles including Dark
Energy.
Keywords Itinerant ferromagnetism · Dark energy · Domain walls
1 Introduction
There are several important unresolved issues in our current understanding of
cosmology. Paramount among these are the problems of Dark Matter (DM) and
Dark Energy (DE). Within the Λ-CDM model DM assists in galaxy formation and
R. MacKenzie
Département de physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
e-mail: richard.mackenzie@umontreal.ca
M. B. Paranjape
Département de physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
Centre de Recherches Mathématiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
e-mail: paranj@lps.umontreal.ca
U. A. Yajnik ()
Physics Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
e-mail: yajnik@iitb.ac.in
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. B. Paranjape et al. (eds.), Quantum Theory and Symmetries, CRM Series in
Mathematical Physics, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55777-5_45
481