311
• Combined public and private sector engagement in CSA investments may have
an additional payoff since such joint efforts also contribute to a more resilient
business climate.
• Blended finance can take shape in the form of softer financing conditions for
climate-smart investments (e.g., risk-sharing, risk layering, interest rates rebates
and longer repayment periods), performance clauses and prohibitions, and combinations of finance with subsidized interventions (e.g., training, technical assistance, business development services and certification).
Rural finance plays a double role in CSA anchoring, both supporting individual
farm-households as they adopt CSA practices and encouraging the local and regional
business climate to favour CSA production systems that deliver credible outcomes.
References
Arimi K (2014) Determinants of climate change adaptation strategies used by fish farmers in Epe
Local Government Area of Lagos State. Nigeria J Sci Food Agric 94(7):1470–1476
Arslan A, Belotti F, Lipper L (2016) Smallholder productivity under climatic variability: adoption
and impact of widely promoted agricultural practices in Tanzania. ESA Working Paper No.
16–03. FAO, Rome
Asfaw, S, Davis, B, Dewbre, J. et al. (2014) Cash transfer programmes, productive activities and
labour supply: evidence from randomized experiment in Kenya. J Dev Stud 50(8):1172–1196
Basak R (2017) Credit scoring and climate-smart agriculture. World Bank AgriFIN Working
Paper, Washington, DC
Branca B, Tennigkeit T, Mann W et al (2012) Identifying opportunities for climate-smart agriculture investments in Africa. FAO: Economics and Policy Innovations for Climate-smart
Agriculture, Rome
Brick K, Visser M (2015) Risk preferences, technology adoption and insurance uptake: a framed
experiment. J Econ Behav Organ 118:383–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2015.02.010
CCAFS (2016) Climate-smart villages: an AR4D approach to scale up climate-smart agriculture.
CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS),
Copenhagen
Dercon S, Christiaensen L (2011) Consumption risk, technology adoption and poverty traps: evidence from Ethiopia. J Dev Econ 96:159–173
Di Falco S, Yesuf M, Kohlin G et al (2012) Estimating the impact of climate change on agriculture
in low-income countries: household level evidence from the Nile Basin. Ethiop Environ Resour
Econ 52(4):457–478
Duflo E, Kremer M, Robinson J (2011) Nudging farmers to use fertilizer: theory and experimental
evidence from Kenya. Am Econ Rev 101:2350–2390
Enete A, Obi J, Ozor N et al (2016) Socioeconomic assessment of flooding among farm households in Anambra state, Nigeria. Int J Clim Change Str 8:96–111
Feder G, Umali D (1993) The adoption of agricultural innovations. Technol Forecast Soc Change
43:215–239
Feder G, Just R, Zilberman D (1985) Adoption of agricultural innovations in developing countries:
a survey. Econ Dev Cult Chang 33:255–298
26 Rural Finance to Support Climate Change Adaptation: Experiences, Lessons…
• Combined public and private sector engagement in CSA investments may have
an additional payoff since such joint efforts also contribute to a more resilient
business climate.
• Blended finance can take shape in the form of softer financing conditions for
climate-smart investments (e.g., risk-sharing, risk layering, interest rates rebates
and longer repayment periods), performance clauses and prohibitions, and combinations of finance with subsidized interventions (e.g., training, technical assistance, business development services and certification).
Rural finance plays a double role in CSA anchoring, both supporting individual
farm-households as they adopt CSA practices and encouraging the local and regional
business climate to favour CSA production systems that deliver credible outcomes.
References
Arimi K (2014) Determinants of climate change adaptation strategies used by fish farmers in Epe
Local Government Area of Lagos State. Nigeria J Sci Food Agric 94(7):1470–1476
Arslan A, Belotti F, Lipper L (2016) Smallholder productivity under climatic variability: adoption
and impact of widely promoted agricultural practices in Tanzania. ESA Working Paper No.
16–03. FAO, Rome
Asfaw, S, Davis, B, Dewbre, J. et al. (2014) Cash transfer programmes, productive activities and
labour supply: evidence from randomized experiment in Kenya. J Dev Stud 50(8):1172–1196
Basak R (2017) Credit scoring and climate-smart agriculture. World Bank AgriFIN Working
Paper, Washington, DC
Branca B, Tennigkeit T, Mann W et al (2012) Identifying opportunities for climate-smart agriculture investments in Africa. FAO: Economics and Policy Innovations for Climate-smart
Agriculture, Rome
Brick K, Visser M (2015) Risk preferences, technology adoption and insurance uptake: a framed
experiment. J Econ Behav Organ 118:383–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2015.02.010
CCAFS (2016) Climate-smart villages: an AR4D approach to scale up climate-smart agriculture.
CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS),
Copenhagen
Dercon S, Christiaensen L (2011) Consumption risk, technology adoption and poverty traps: evidence from Ethiopia. J Dev Econ 96:159–173
Di Falco S, Yesuf M, Kohlin G et al (2012) Estimating the impact of climate change on agriculture
in low-income countries: household level evidence from the Nile Basin. Ethiop Environ Resour
Econ 52(4):457–478
Duflo E, Kremer M, Robinson J (2011) Nudging farmers to use fertilizer: theory and experimental
evidence from Kenya. Am Econ Rev 101:2350–2390
Enete A, Obi J, Ozor N et al (2016) Socioeconomic assessment of flooding among farm households in Anambra state, Nigeria. Int J Clim Change Str 8:96–111
Feder G, Umali D (1993) The adoption of agricultural innovations. Technol Forecast Soc Change
43:215–239
Feder G, Just R, Zilberman D (1985) Adoption of agricultural innovations in developing countries:
a survey. Econ Dev Cult Chang 33:255–298
26 Rural Finance to Support Climate Change Adaptation: Experiences, Lessons…