287
Harvey CA, Chacón M, Donatti CI et al (2014) Climate-smart landscapes: opportunities and challenges for integrating adaptation and mitigation in tropical agriculture. Conserv Lett 7:77–90.
https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12066
Karanja E, Kiptot E, Franzel S (2017) The volunteer farmer-trainer approach three years after
the exit of the East Africa Dairy Development Project: a case study of four dairy producer organizations in Kenya. ICRAF, Nairobi http://www.worldagroforestry.org/output/
volunteer-farmer-trainer-approach-three-years-after-exit-east-africa-dairy-development
Khaila S, Tchuwa F, Franzel S et al (2015) The farmer-to-farmer extension approach in
Malawi: a survey of lead farmers, ICRAF Working Paper no. 189. World Agroforestry
Centre,
Nairobi
http://www.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/publications/PDFs/
WP14200.PDF
Kiptot E, Franzel S (2012) Effectiveness of the farmer-trainers approach in dissemination of
livestock feed technologies: a survey of volunteer farmer-trainers in Kenya. East African
Dairy Development Project, Nairobi https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/34449/
Effectiveness%20of%20farmer%20trainer%20approach%20in%20disseminating%20
feed%20technologies.pdf?sequence=1
Kiptot E, Franzel S, Karanja E et al (2013) Effectiveness of the volunteer farmer-trainer approach
in dissemination of livestock feed technologies: a survey of farmer trainees in Kenya. East
African Dairy Development Project, Nairobi
Kiptot E, Franzel S, Nzigamasabo P et al (2016) Farmer-to-farmer extension of livestock feed
technologies in Rwanda: a survey of volunteer farmer-trainers and organizations, ICRAF
working paper no. 221. World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi. https://doi.org/10.5716/
WP16005.PDF
Kundhlande G, Franzel S, Simpson B et al (2014) Farmer-to-farmer extension approach in Malawi:
a survey of organizations, ICRAF working paper no. 183. World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi
http://www.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/publications/pdfs/WP14391.PDF
Lipper L, Thornton B, Campbell M et al (2014) Climate-smart agriculture for food security. Nat
Clim Chang 4:1068–1107
Lukuyu B, Place F, Franzel S et al (2012) Disseminating improved practices: are volunteer farmertrainers effective? J Agric Educ Ext 18(5):525–554
Masangano C, Mthinda C (2012) Pluralistic extension system in Malawi, IFPRI discussion paper
no. 01171. IFPRI, Washington, DC
McCarthy N, Lipper L, Branca G (2011) Climate-smart agriculture: smallholder adoption and
implications for climate change adaptation and mitigation. FAO, Rome
Nakano Y, Tsusaka TW, Aida T et al (2015) The impact of training on technology adoption and
productivity of rice farming in Tanzania: is farmer-to-farmer extension effective? JICA-RI
working paper no. 90. JICA Research Institute, Tokyo
Scarborough V, Killough S, Johnson DA et al (eds) (1997) Farmer-led extension: concepts and
practices. Intermediate Technology Publications, London
Selener D, Chenier J, Zelaya R (1997) Farmer-to-farmer extension: lessons from the field.
International Institute for Rural Reconstruction, New York
Simpson B, Franzel S, Degrande A et al (2015) Farmer-to-farmer extension: issues in planning
and implementation, MEAS technical note. USAID Modernizing Extension and Advisory
Services, Washington, DC http://agrilinks.org/sites/default/files/resource/files/MEAS%20
TN%20Farmer%20to%20Farmer%20-%20Simpson%20et%20al%20-%20May%202015.
pdf
Simpson BM, Heinrich G, Malindi G (2012) Strengthening pluralistic agricultural extension in
Malawi. MEAS rapid scoping mission. USAID Modernizing Extension and Advisory Services,
University of Illinois, Urbana
Tsafack S, Degrande A, Franzel S et al (2014) Farmer-to-farmer extension in Cameroon: a survey
of extension organizations, ICRAF working paper no. 182. World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi
http://www.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/publications/PDFs/WP14383.PDF
24 Farmer-To-Farmer Extension: A Low-Cost Approach for Promoting…
Harvey CA, Chacón M, Donatti CI et al (2014) Climate-smart landscapes: opportunities and challenges for integrating adaptation and mitigation in tropical agriculture. Conserv Lett 7:77–90.
https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12066
Karanja E, Kiptot E, Franzel S (2017) The volunteer farmer-trainer approach three years after
the exit of the East Africa Dairy Development Project: a case study of four dairy producer organizations in Kenya. ICRAF, Nairobi http://www.worldagroforestry.org/output/
volunteer-farmer-trainer-approach-three-years-after-exit-east-africa-dairy-development
Khaila S, Tchuwa F, Franzel S et al (2015) The farmer-to-farmer extension approach in
Malawi: a survey of lead farmers, ICRAF Working Paper no. 189. World Agroforestry
Centre,
Nairobi
http://www.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/publications/PDFs/
WP14200.PDF
Kiptot E, Franzel S (2012) Effectiveness of the farmer-trainers approach in dissemination of
livestock feed technologies: a survey of volunteer farmer-trainers in Kenya. East African
Dairy Development Project, Nairobi https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/34449/
Effectiveness%20of%20farmer%20trainer%20approach%20in%20disseminating%20
feed%20technologies.pdf?sequence=1
Kiptot E, Franzel S, Karanja E et al (2013) Effectiveness of the volunteer farmer-trainer approach
in dissemination of livestock feed technologies: a survey of farmer trainees in Kenya. East
African Dairy Development Project, Nairobi
Kiptot E, Franzel S, Nzigamasabo P et al (2016) Farmer-to-farmer extension of livestock feed
technologies in Rwanda: a survey of volunteer farmer-trainers and organizations, ICRAF
working paper no. 221. World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi. https://doi.org/10.5716/
WP16005.PDF
Kundhlande G, Franzel S, Simpson B et al (2014) Farmer-to-farmer extension approach in Malawi:
a survey of organizations, ICRAF working paper no. 183. World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi
http://www.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/publications/pdfs/WP14391.PDF
Lipper L, Thornton B, Campbell M et al (2014) Climate-smart agriculture for food security. Nat
Clim Chang 4:1068–1107
Lukuyu B, Place F, Franzel S et al (2012) Disseminating improved practices: are volunteer farmertrainers effective? J Agric Educ Ext 18(5):525–554
Masangano C, Mthinda C (2012) Pluralistic extension system in Malawi, IFPRI discussion paper
no. 01171. IFPRI, Washington, DC
McCarthy N, Lipper L, Branca G (2011) Climate-smart agriculture: smallholder adoption and
implications for climate change adaptation and mitigation. FAO, Rome
Nakano Y, Tsusaka TW, Aida T et al (2015) The impact of training on technology adoption and
productivity of rice farming in Tanzania: is farmer-to-farmer extension effective? JICA-RI
working paper no. 90. JICA Research Institute, Tokyo
Scarborough V, Killough S, Johnson DA et al (eds) (1997) Farmer-led extension: concepts and
practices. Intermediate Technology Publications, London
Selener D, Chenier J, Zelaya R (1997) Farmer-to-farmer extension: lessons from the field.
International Institute for Rural Reconstruction, New York
Simpson B, Franzel S, Degrande A et al (2015) Farmer-to-farmer extension: issues in planning
and implementation, MEAS technical note. USAID Modernizing Extension and Advisory
Services, Washington, DC http://agrilinks.org/sites/default/files/resource/files/MEAS%20
TN%20Farmer%20to%20Farmer%20-%20Simpson%20et%20al%20-%20May%202015.
Simpson BM, Heinrich G, Malindi G (2012) Strengthening pluralistic agricultural extension in
Malawi. MEAS rapid scoping mission. USAID Modernizing Extension and Advisory Services,
University of Illinois, Urbana
Tsafack S, Degrande A, Franzel S et al (2014) Farmer-to-farmer extension in Cameroon: a survey
of extension organizations, ICRAF working paper no. 182. World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi
http://www.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/publications/PDFs/WP14383.PDF
24 Farmer-To-Farmer Extension: A Low-Cost Approach for Promoting…