Fluorescence Spectrometry
465
•
> Important
The energy-transfer mechanism can be evident by recording the fluorescence excitation spectrum of the complex (donor-acceptor) (λ em is set at a wavelength where
only the acceptor emits) and comparing it with that of the absorption spectrum of
the donor alone. If the energy transfer exists between the two molecules, a peak
characteristic of the donor absorption will be observed in the fluorescence excitation
spectrum.
6 Future Perspectives and Applications of FLS
Recently, fluorescence spectroscopy has emerged as one of the basic toolboxes to
study not only physical and chemical sciences but also in bio-imaging and medical sciences. The organic and inorganic fluorescent contrast agents have been successfully utilized in bioimaging and biomedical applications; however, because of
their intrinsic drawbacks such as toxicity and poor biocompatibility remain as future
challenges for the scientific community. We need to develop new classes of nanomaterials and fluorescent contrast agents with merits of high photostability, remarkable safety, and significant biocompatibility for biomedical and clinical applications.
After addressing these challenges, this technology can be extended to light-induced
fluorescence devices in clinical practice.
Acknowledgements DPS sincerely thanks the ULCO for providing discharge in teaching to carry
out research tasks. Prof. A. Hadj Sahraoui, the Director of UDSMM is gratefully acknowledged for
his kind support and encouragement. I also sincerely thank all publishers and open sources from
which some figures have been taken to write this chapter.
References
1. J.R. Lakowicz, Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, 3rd edn. (Springer US, 2006). http://
www.springer.com/gp/book/9780387312781
2. D.P. Singh, University of Lucknow. Ph.D. thesis (Lucknow, 2015). Accepted: 2016-0516T08:44:13Z. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/10603/90247
3. J.R. Albani, in Principles and Applications of Fluorescence Spectroscopy (Wiley, 2008),
pp. 88–114. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470692059.ch7. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/
abs/10.1002/9780470692059.ch7. Section: 7 _eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/
10.1002/9780470692059.ch7
4. D.P. Singh, S. Pandey, R. Manohar, S. Kumar, G.H. Pujar, S.R. Inamdar, J. Lumin. 190, 161
(2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2016.09.056. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/
article/pii/S0022231316300369
5. H. Qian, M.E. Cousins, E.H. Horak, A. Wakefield, M.D. Liptak, I. Aprahamian, Nat. Chem.
9(1), 83 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2612. https://www.nature.com/articles/nchem.
2612
465
•
> Important
The energy-transfer mechanism can be evident by recording the fluorescence excitation spectrum of the complex (donor-acceptor) (λ em is set at a wavelength where
only the acceptor emits) and comparing it with that of the absorption spectrum of
the donor alone. If the energy transfer exists between the two molecules, a peak
characteristic of the donor absorption will be observed in the fluorescence excitation
spectrum.
6 Future Perspectives and Applications of FLS
Recently, fluorescence spectroscopy has emerged as one of the basic toolboxes to
study not only physical and chemical sciences but also in bio-imaging and medical sciences. The organic and inorganic fluorescent contrast agents have been successfully utilized in bioimaging and biomedical applications; however, because of
their intrinsic drawbacks such as toxicity and poor biocompatibility remain as future
challenges for the scientific community. We need to develop new classes of nanomaterials and fluorescent contrast agents with merits of high photostability, remarkable safety, and significant biocompatibility for biomedical and clinical applications.
After addressing these challenges, this technology can be extended to light-induced
fluorescence devices in clinical practice.
Acknowledgements DPS sincerely thanks the ULCO for providing discharge in teaching to carry
out research tasks. Prof. A. Hadj Sahraoui, the Director of UDSMM is gratefully acknowledged for
his kind support and encouragement. I also sincerely thank all publishers and open sources from
which some figures have been taken to write this chapter.
References
1. J.R. Lakowicz, Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, 3rd edn. (Springer US, 2006). http://
www.springer.com/gp/book/9780387312781
2. D.P. Singh, University of Lucknow. Ph.D. thesis (Lucknow, 2015). Accepted: 2016-0516T08:44:13Z. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/10603/90247
3. J.R. Albani, in Principles and Applications of Fluorescence Spectroscopy (Wiley, 2008),
pp. 88–114. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470692059.ch7. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/
abs/10.1002/9780470692059.ch7. Section: 7 _eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/
10.1002/9780470692059.ch7
4. D.P. Singh, S. Pandey, R. Manohar, S. Kumar, G.H. Pujar, S.R. Inamdar, J. Lumin. 190, 161
(2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2016.09.056. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/
article/pii/S0022231316300369
5. H. Qian, M.E. Cousins, E.H. Horak, A. Wakefield, M.D. Liptak, I. Aprahamian, Nat. Chem.
9(1), 83 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2612. https://www.nature.com/articles/nchem.
2612