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15. Yoshimura M, Shimoyama K, Misaka T, Obayasi S (2019) Optimization of passive grooved
micromixers based on genetic algorithm and graph theory. Microfluid Nanofluid 23(30):1–21.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10404-019-2201-6
16. Orsi G, Roudgar M, Brunazzi E, Galletti C, Mauri R (2013) Water-ethanol mixing in T-shaped
microdevices. Chem Eng Sci 95:174–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2013.03.015
17. Dizechi M, Marschall E (1982) Viscosity of some binary and ternary liquid mixtures. J Chem
Eng Data 27(3):358–363. https://doi.org/10.1021/je00029a039
18. Wu C, Tang K, Gu B, Deng J, Liu Z, Wu Z (2016) Concentration-dependent viscous mixing in
microfluidics: modelings and experiments. Microfluid Nanofluid 20(90):1–11. https://doi.org/
10.1007/s10404-016-1755-9
19. Liu M (2011) Computational study of convective-diffusive mixing in a microchannel mixer.
Chem Eng Sci 66:2211–2223
20. Chen H, Meiners JC (2004) Topologic mixing on a microfluidic chip. Appl Phys Lett
84(12):2193–2195. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1686895
21. Patankar SV (1980) Numerical heat transfer and fluid flow. McGraw-Hill, New York
22. Ferziger JH, Peric M (2002) Computational methods for fluid dynamics. Springer, Berlin
Heidelberg
23. Ansari MA, Kim KY, Anwar K, Kim SM (2010) A novel passive micromixer based on unbalanced splits and collisions of fluid streams. J Micromech Microeng 20:1–10. https://doi.org/
10.1088/0960-1317/20/5/055007
24. Afzal A, Kim KY (2012) Passive split and recombination micromixer with convergentdivergent walls. Chem Eng J 203:182–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.06.111
25. Glatzel T, Litterst C, Cupelli C, Lindemann T, Moosmann C, Niekrawietz R, Streule W,
Zengerle R, Koltay P (2009) Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software tools for microfluidic applications—a case study. Comp Fluid 37:218–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.
2007.07.014
26. Jiang F, Drese KS, Hardt S, Küpper M, Schönfeld F (2004) Helical flows and chaotic mixing
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27. Bertsch A, Heimgartner S, Cousseau P, Renaud P (2001) Static mixers based on large-scale
industrial mixer geometry. Lab Chip 1:56–60. https://doi.org/10.1039/B103848F
28. Wang H, Iovenitti P, Harvey E, Masood S (2003) Numerical investigation of mixing in
microchannels with patterned grooves. J Micromech Microeng 13:801–808. https://doi.org/
10.1088/0960-1317/13/6/302
29. Aubin J, Fletcher DF, Bertrand J, Xuereb C (2003) Characterization of the mixing quality in
micromixers. Chem Eng Tech 26:1262–1270. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200301848
30. Aubin J, Fletcher DF, Xuereb C (2005) Design of micromixers using CFD modeling. Chem
Eng Sci 60:2503–2516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2004.11.043
31. Kang TG, Kwon TH (2004) Colored particle tracking method for mixing analysis of chaotic
micromixers. J Micromech Microeng 14:891–899
32. Afzal A, Kim KY (2014) Three-objective optimization of a staggered herringbone micromixer.
Sens Actuators B: Chem 192:350–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2013.10.109
33. FLUENT-12.1, Solver Theory, ANSYS Inc., Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, 2006
34. Alam A, Afzal A, Kim KY (2014) Mixing Performance of a planar micromixer with circular
obstructions in curved microchannel. Chem Eng Res Des 92:423–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.cherd.2013.09.008
35. Lee SW, Kim DS, Lee SS, Kwon TH (2006) A split and recombination micromixer fabricated
in a PDMS three-dimensional structure. J Micromach Microeng 16:1067–1072. https://doi.
org/10.1088/0960-1317/16/5/027
36. Lee SW, Lee SS (2008) Rotation effect in split and recombination micromixing. Sens Actuators
B 129:364–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2007.08.038
43
14. Hossain S, Ansari MA, Kim KY (2009) Evaluation of the mixing performance of three passive
micromixers. Chem Eng J 150:492–501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.02.033
15. Yoshimura M, Shimoyama K, Misaka T, Obayasi S (2019) Optimization of passive grooved
micromixers based on genetic algorithm and graph theory. Microfluid Nanofluid 23(30):1–21.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10404-019-2201-6
16. Orsi G, Roudgar M, Brunazzi E, Galletti C, Mauri R (2013) Water-ethanol mixing in T-shaped
microdevices. Chem Eng Sci 95:174–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2013.03.015
17. Dizechi M, Marschall E (1982) Viscosity of some binary and ternary liquid mixtures. J Chem
Eng Data 27(3):358–363. https://doi.org/10.1021/je00029a039
18. Wu C, Tang K, Gu B, Deng J, Liu Z, Wu Z (2016) Concentration-dependent viscous mixing in
microfluidics: modelings and experiments. Microfluid Nanofluid 20(90):1–11. https://doi.org/
10.1007/s10404-016-1755-9
19. Liu M (2011) Computational study of convective-diffusive mixing in a microchannel mixer.
Chem Eng Sci 66:2211–2223
20. Chen H, Meiners JC (2004) Topologic mixing on a microfluidic chip. Appl Phys Lett
84(12):2193–2195. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1686895
21. Patankar SV (1980) Numerical heat transfer and fluid flow. McGraw-Hill, New York
22. Ferziger JH, Peric M (2002) Computational methods for fluid dynamics. Springer, Berlin
Heidelberg
23. Ansari MA, Kim KY, Anwar K, Kim SM (2010) A novel passive micromixer based on unbalanced splits and collisions of fluid streams. J Micromech Microeng 20:1–10. https://doi.org/
10.1088/0960-1317/20/5/055007
24. Afzal A, Kim KY (2012) Passive split and recombination micromixer with convergentdivergent walls. Chem Eng J 203:182–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.06.111
25. Glatzel T, Litterst C, Cupelli C, Lindemann T, Moosmann C, Niekrawietz R, Streule W,
Zengerle R, Koltay P (2009) Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software tools for microfluidic applications—a case study. Comp Fluid 37:218–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.
2007.07.014
26. Jiang F, Drese KS, Hardt S, Küpper M, Schönfeld F (2004) Helical flows and chaotic mixing
in curved micro channels. AIChE J 50:2297–2305. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.10188
27. Bertsch A, Heimgartner S, Cousseau P, Renaud P (2001) Static mixers based on large-scale
industrial mixer geometry. Lab Chip 1:56–60. https://doi.org/10.1039/B103848F
28. Wang H, Iovenitti P, Harvey E, Masood S (2003) Numerical investigation of mixing in
microchannels with patterned grooves. J Micromech Microeng 13:801–808. https://doi.org/
10.1088/0960-1317/13/6/302
29. Aubin J, Fletcher DF, Bertrand J, Xuereb C (2003) Characterization of the mixing quality in
micromixers. Chem Eng Tech 26:1262–1270. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200301848
30. Aubin J, Fletcher DF, Xuereb C (2005) Design of micromixers using CFD modeling. Chem
Eng Sci 60:2503–2516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2004.11.043
31. Kang TG, Kwon TH (2004) Colored particle tracking method for mixing analysis of chaotic
micromixers. J Micromech Microeng 14:891–899
32. Afzal A, Kim KY (2014) Three-objective optimization of a staggered herringbone micromixer.
Sens Actuators B: Chem 192:350–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2013.10.109
33. FLUENT-12.1, Solver Theory, ANSYS Inc., Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, 2006
34. Alam A, Afzal A, Kim KY (2014) Mixing Performance of a planar micromixer with circular
obstructions in curved microchannel. Chem Eng Res Des 92:423–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.cherd.2013.09.008
35. Lee SW, Kim DS, Lee SS, Kwon TH (2006) A split and recombination micromixer fabricated
in a PDMS three-dimensional structure. J Micromach Microeng 16:1067–1072. https://doi.
org/10.1088/0960-1317/16/5/027
36. Lee SW, Lee SS (2008) Rotation effect in split and recombination micromixing. Sens Actuators
B 129:364–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2007.08.038