give a generic description of the surface component, which supports simplified
LCA. Information contained in the construction attribute can be used to specify
more precisely the surface component.
– The three other children classes (Network Component, System Component, and
Other Component) describe individual products, systems and networks in the
building when detailed information is available. A gml name is defined to
characterize the component (e.g. Concrete stairway, Individual boiler etc.).
Through this description, the link to an environmental ID related to the product,
system or network can be done. Specific information for the systems such as
nominal power for system components and network type for network components
has to be recorded. A Construction Package is allocated to any component. This
allows the aggregation of LCA results for each construction packages such as:
– Roads and networks,
– Foundations and infrastructures,
– Superstructure/Masonry,
– Roofing/Frame/Waterproofing,
– Partitioning/Doubling/Interior carpentry,
– Facades/Exterior Carpentry,
– Coverings (floor, wall, ceilings)/Decoration products,
– HVAC,
– Plumbing-sanitary,
– Energy networks (high voltage) and communication networks (low voltage)
– Equipment for local electricity production.
Figure 2 recapitulates the proposed structure for environmental data.
5 Conclusion and Perspectives
In this paper, propositions and recommendations are presented to integrate information needed for building LCA at urban scale into CityGML and Energy-ADE.
The structure proposed is meant to be suitable for screening, simplified or detailed
LCA of the building. Validation of this new developments will be achieved through
an iterative process. During the next months, a test phase will allow confronting the
proposed data structure with real projects and software integration issues. In
addition, the structure and the completeness of the schema should be discussed
within the LCA practitioners’ and Energy-ADE developers’ communities.
Moreover, this work is limited to the description of building components, systems and energy consumption. To perform full life cycle assessment of building as
defined by the European standard EN 15 978 [15], further work is required to
integrate information on water consumption, waste production, mobility needs and
worksite. Finally, to perform urban scale LCA, information required on utility
networks, transport infrastructures and public spaces should be listed and integrated
into the CityGML standard.
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A. Mailhac et al.
LCA. Information contained in the construction attribute can be used to specify
more precisely the surface component.
– The three other children classes (Network Component, System Component, and
Other Component) describe individual products, systems and networks in the
building when detailed information is available. A gml name is defined to
characterize the component (e.g. Concrete stairway, Individual boiler etc.).
Through this description, the link to an environmental ID related to the product,
system or network can be done. Specific information for the systems such as
nominal power for system components and network type for network components
has to be recorded. A Construction Package is allocated to any component. This
allows the aggregation of LCA results for each construction packages such as:
– Roads and networks,
– Foundations and infrastructures,
– Superstructure/Masonry,
– Roofing/Frame/Waterproofing,
– Partitioning/Doubling/Interior carpentry,
– Facades/Exterior Carpentry,
– Coverings (floor, wall, ceilings)/Decoration products,
– HVAC,
– Plumbing-sanitary,
– Energy networks (high voltage) and communication networks (low voltage)
– Equipment for local electricity production.
Figure 2 recapitulates the proposed structure for environmental data.
5 Conclusion and Perspectives
In this paper, propositions and recommendations are presented to integrate information needed for building LCA at urban scale into CityGML and Energy-ADE.
The structure proposed is meant to be suitable for screening, simplified or detailed
LCA of the building. Validation of this new developments will be achieved through
an iterative process. During the next months, a test phase will allow confronting the
proposed data structure with real projects and software integration issues. In
addition, the structure and the completeness of the schema should be discussed
within the LCA practitioners’ and Energy-ADE developers’ communities.
Moreover, this work is limited to the description of building components, systems and energy consumption. To perform full life cycle assessment of building as
defined by the European standard EN 15 978 [15], further work is required to
integrate information on water consumption, waste production, mobility needs and
worksite. Finally, to perform urban scale LCA, information required on utility
networks, transport infrastructures and public spaces should be listed and integrated
into the CityGML standard.
290
A. Mailhac et al.