consumption, for each end use type and for each type of energy (electricity, natural
gas, fuel, pellets, wood, coal …) (Table 4).
3 The CityGML and Energy-ADE
The building physics module (represented in Fig. 1) of the Energy-ADE extends
the building class with new attributes and defines entirely new concepts suited for
the energy simulation tools. A building is thus composed of thermal zones which
serves as space units for the building heating and cooling calculation. Those
thermal zones are bounded by thermal boundaries that can be optionally linked to
geometrical boundary surfaces (e.g. Roof Surface, Wall Surface …) of the
CityGML 3D building description. Thermal boundaries are described by a construction object which specifies global thermal properties at the wall scale and
optionally describes a sequence of layered material, themselves described by their
physical properties.
At first, one could try to extend the material description with an environmental
product declaration (EPD) database identifier. This is not satisfactory for two reasons. First, this would only allow to specify the environmental properties of thermal
boundaries, and making it dependent to the arbitrary thermal zoning of the building.
Second, this would not allow to account for other components such as stairs, HVAC
systems and network. Thus, new propositions are needed in order to integrate
environmental data into CityGML.
4 Proposal
In order to overcome the Energy-ADE limitations, new attributes are added to the
building class. Those attributes are:
– The Energy consumption attribute, which describes the data needed to perform
LCA related to energy consumption. This attribute gives the final energy consumption value (kWh) for each end use (domestic hot water, electrical
Table 4 Data needs for building object: energy consumption during use
Data needs
Type
Type of energy (electricity, gas, biomass …)
CodeList
End use (heating, air conditioning …)
CodeList
Final energy consumption, for each energy type and end use type
Decimal (kWh)
Environmental ID
Database Name + Id
Primary energy factor
Decimal
A Proposition to Extend CityGML …
287
gas, fuel, pellets, wood, coal …) (Table 4).
3 The CityGML and Energy-ADE
The building physics module (represented in Fig. 1) of the Energy-ADE extends
the building class with new attributes and defines entirely new concepts suited for
the energy simulation tools. A building is thus composed of thermal zones which
serves as space units for the building heating and cooling calculation. Those
thermal zones are bounded by thermal boundaries that can be optionally linked to
geometrical boundary surfaces (e.g. Roof Surface, Wall Surface …) of the
CityGML 3D building description. Thermal boundaries are described by a construction object which specifies global thermal properties at the wall scale and
optionally describes a sequence of layered material, themselves described by their
physical properties.
At first, one could try to extend the material description with an environmental
product declaration (EPD) database identifier. This is not satisfactory for two reasons. First, this would only allow to specify the environmental properties of thermal
boundaries, and making it dependent to the arbitrary thermal zoning of the building.
Second, this would not allow to account for other components such as stairs, HVAC
systems and network. Thus, new propositions are needed in order to integrate
environmental data into CityGML.
4 Proposal
In order to overcome the Energy-ADE limitations, new attributes are added to the
building class. Those attributes are:
– The Energy consumption attribute, which describes the data needed to perform
LCA related to energy consumption. This attribute gives the final energy consumption value (kWh) for each end use (domestic hot water, electrical
Table 4 Data needs for building object: energy consumption during use
Data needs
Type
Type of energy (electricity, gas, biomass …)
CodeList
End use (heating, air conditioning …)
CodeList
Final energy consumption, for each energy type and end use type
Decimal (kWh)
Environmental ID
Database Name + Id
Primary energy factor
Decimal
A Proposition to Extend CityGML …
287