A Proposition to Extend CityGML
and ADE Energy Standards
for Exchanging Information for LCA
Simulation at Urban Scale
Adélaïde Mailhac, Emmanuelle Cor, Marine Vesson, Elisa Rolland,
Pascal Schetelat, Nicoleta Schiopu and Alexandra Lebert
Abstract Environmental performances assessment of urban projects is essential to
meet the current challenges of urban sustainable development. In recent years, Life
Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been applied to urban scale to assess complex systems such as districts, urban facilities and territories. Yet, application of LCA to
large scale is challenging in terms of data modelling. To overcome this challenge,
integration of Building Information Model (BIM) to LCA could reduce efforts
during the data acquisition, as well as allowing the feedback of LCA results into
BIM. To ensure interoperability e.g. with energy simulation tools, digital mock-up
using an open information standard must be preferred. To answer this need, the
Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) developed the open standard CityGML which
is an XML-based data model that defines classes and relations for 3D object in
cities (e.g. buildings, roads, water bodies etc.). This format also provides for
domain-specific extension to other objects or attributes using Application Domain
Extensions (ADE). To date, LCA data requirements have not been fully integrated
into the CityGML format nor its ADE. The aim of this paper is to propose extension
of CityGML and Energy-ADE standards for exchanging information for LCA
simulation at urban scale. The scope of the study is limited to the integration of
information necessary for LCA of buildings’ construction and renovation. First,
data requirements are listed and then compared to CityGML and Energy-ADE
A. Mailhac (&) Á E. Cor Á M. Vesson Á E. Rolland Á P. Schetelat
N. Schiopu Á A. Lebert
Scientific and Technical Center for Buildings (CSTB),
University Paris-East, Champs-sur-Marne, France
e-mail: adelaide.mailhac@cstb.fr
A. Mailhac
Laboratoire Matériaux et Durabilité Des Constructions (LMDC), INSA/UPS
Génie Civil, Federal University of Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
A. Mailhac Á E. Cor Á P. Schetelat Á N. Schiopu Á A. Lebert
ITE Efficacity, Champs-Sur-Marne, France
© The Author(s) 2018
E. Benetto et al. (eds.), Designing Sustainable Technologies,
Products and Policies, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66981-6_31
281
and ADE Energy Standards
for Exchanging Information for LCA
Simulation at Urban Scale
Adélaïde Mailhac, Emmanuelle Cor, Marine Vesson, Elisa Rolland,
Pascal Schetelat, Nicoleta Schiopu and Alexandra Lebert
Abstract Environmental performances assessment of urban projects is essential to
meet the current challenges of urban sustainable development. In recent years, Life
Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been applied to urban scale to assess complex systems such as districts, urban facilities and territories. Yet, application of LCA to
large scale is challenging in terms of data modelling. To overcome this challenge,
integration of Building Information Model (BIM) to LCA could reduce efforts
during the data acquisition, as well as allowing the feedback of LCA results into
BIM. To ensure interoperability e.g. with energy simulation tools, digital mock-up
using an open information standard must be preferred. To answer this need, the
Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) developed the open standard CityGML which
is an XML-based data model that defines classes and relations for 3D object in
cities (e.g. buildings, roads, water bodies etc.). This format also provides for
domain-specific extension to other objects or attributes using Application Domain
Extensions (ADE). To date, LCA data requirements have not been fully integrated
into the CityGML format nor its ADE. The aim of this paper is to propose extension
of CityGML and Energy-ADE standards for exchanging information for LCA
simulation at urban scale. The scope of the study is limited to the integration of
information necessary for LCA of buildings’ construction and renovation. First,
data requirements are listed and then compared to CityGML and Energy-ADE
A. Mailhac (&) Á E. Cor Á M. Vesson Á E. Rolland Á P. Schetelat
N. Schiopu Á A. Lebert
Scientific and Technical Center for Buildings (CSTB),
University Paris-East, Champs-sur-Marne, France
e-mail: adelaide.mailhac@cstb.fr
A. Mailhac
Laboratoire Matériaux et Durabilité Des Constructions (LMDC), INSA/UPS
Génie Civil, Federal University of Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
A. Mailhac Á E. Cor Á P. Schetelat Á N. Schiopu Á A. Lebert
ITE Efficacity, Champs-Sur-Marne, France
© The Author(s) 2018
E. Benetto et al. (eds.), Designing Sustainable Technologies,
Products and Policies, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66981-6_31
281