226
8
British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Madingley Road, CB3
0ET Cambridge, United Kingdom
*corresponding author: golikov_ksu@mail.ru
Keywords: Cephalopoda, Arctic, Climate Change
Recent climate change (mostly by warming) is impacting
the Arctic region significantly. In terms of marine life, many
fish and invertebrates from boreal and subtropical Atlantic
are expanding into the Arctic. Here, we review the changes
in the distribution of cephalopods in the Arctic due to the
recent warming. During 1992–2016 extensive sampling has
been carried out in the Barents Sea (and adjacent areas),
around Iceland, in the Western and Eastern Greenland
(Barents Sea Ecosystem Survey, BIOICE and INAMON programs respectively). There are 31 species of cephalopods in
the Arctic, including those rarely appearing on the borders of
the arctic region. Only 10 species constantly live in the Arctic
throughout their lifecycle: Gonatus fabricii, Rossia palpebrosa, R. moelleri, Cirroteuthis muelleri, Bathypolypus arcticus, B. bairdii, B. pugniger, Muusoctopus sp., M. sibiricus,
M. leioderma. The distribution range of Gonatus fabricii has
been increasing eastward since 2006 to the shelf of the eastern Barents Sea and the Kara Sea. Three boreo-subtropical
squids (Todaropsis eblanae, Teuthowenia megalops,
Galiteuthis armata) and one bobtail squid (Sepietta oweniana) has been recorded in the Arctic since 2006. Todarodes
sagittatus appeared in the Barents Sea in 2010, for the first
time since 1983. Being known to appear in the Arctic as a
foraging migrant, this record has therefore no relation to the
ongoing climate changes. Thus, all the reported records of
boreo-subtropical cephalopods in the Arctic are of two types:
(1) regular foraging migrations within unknown period of
time and without any connection with climate warming and
(2) northward range expansions of boreal species into the
Arctic during the last decade, induced by an ongoing warming of Arctic waters. Quantitative distribution of the Arctic
cephalopods was studied only for the Barents Sea so far,
therefore any recent climate change impacts on cephalopods
elsewhere around the Arctic are not known.
9.2.4 Impact of Climate Change on Protist
Communities in Isfjorden – Svalbard
Mathilde Bourreau
1*
, Janne E. Søreide
2
, Tove M. Gabrielsen
2
1
University Centre in Svalbard, P.O. Box 394 N-9171,
Longyearbyen, Norway
2
University Centre in Svalbard, P.O. Box 156,
Longyearbyen, Norway
*corresponding author: mathilde.bourreau@etu.upmc.fr
Keywords: Protists, Climate change, Svalbard, 18S rRNA
gene, Seasonality
Isfjorden on the western coast of Svalbard is seasonally
ice-covered in the innermost parts. The Atlantic Water
Current, strongly influencing western Spitsbergen fjords, has
been warming 0.3 °C per decade over the last 50 years. This
is altering Isfjorden sea water temperature, stratification and
community composition. A change in the microbial community could have a major impact on the higher trophic levels
and thus the arctic marine ecosystem. This research project is
part of the IMOS project (Isfjorden Marine Observatory
Svalbard) studying long-term effects of the changing Arctic.
The aim of this project is to study the impact of climate
change on the protist communities in Isfjorden, by considering if changes in the temperature, salinity and stratification
are impacting their seasonality and diversity. Three stations
from warm Atlantic water to more Arctic climate, along
Isfjorden in Svalbard, were sampled regularly during 3 years.
Water samples were taken combined with CTD measurements (salinity, fluorescence and temperature) and nutrient
samples. Using Illumina sequencing, two size fractions
(10 μm and 0.45–10 μm) of the water are analyzed and the
species are identified by metabarcoding of the V4 region of
the 18S rRNA gene. We will observe the modifications in
community composition. We will compare the 3 years for
inter-annual variation and long-term trends. Finally we will
discuss the importance of factors such as light (is the bottleneck effect because of polar night remaining?), temperature,
salinity and nutrients on the community diversity.
9.2.5 Sedimentation of Persistent Organic
Pollutants (POPs) in Ryder Bay, Antarctica
David Amptmeijer
1*
, Artem Krasnobaev
2
, Nico van den
Brink
2
1
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RUG), department of
marine biology, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen,
Nederland
2
Wageningen university and Research (WUR), department of toxicology, Stippeneng 4, Helix, building 124, 6708
WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
*corresponding author: davidamptmeijer@gmail.com
Keywords: POPs, Antarctica, Modeling, Fugacity, NPZD
Strong lipophilic and halogenated POPs are accumulating
in the Antarctic marine ecosystem. Although the main pathway of POPs into the Antarctic system is via atmospheric
deposition, there is a higher bioaccumulation in benthic than
pelagic fish. This suggests that there is a strong flux of POPs
from surface water levels to the deeper water. In order to
study the flux of POPs we linked the flux of organic matter to
a chemical fugacity model. The flux of organic matter is calculated by a Nutrient, Phytoplankton, Zooplankton and
Detritus (NPZD) model based on Chlorophyll and photosynthetic active radiation data collected by the Rothera Time
Series (RaTS) program run by the British Antarctic Survey
between 2012 and 2016. The measurements are taken
biweekly in summer and weekly in winter using CTD at a
520 m deep sampling site located at: “67.570°S, 68.225°W”
in Ryder Bay, Antarctica. Ryder bay is known for having a
large spring diatom bloom after the sea ice melt, followed by
Appendices
8
British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Madingley Road, CB3
0ET Cambridge, United Kingdom
*corresponding author: golikov_ksu@mail.ru
Keywords: Cephalopoda, Arctic, Climate Change
Recent climate change (mostly by warming) is impacting
the Arctic region significantly. In terms of marine life, many
fish and invertebrates from boreal and subtropical Atlantic
are expanding into the Arctic. Here, we review the changes
in the distribution of cephalopods in the Arctic due to the
recent warming. During 1992–2016 extensive sampling has
been carried out in the Barents Sea (and adjacent areas),
around Iceland, in the Western and Eastern Greenland
(Barents Sea Ecosystem Survey, BIOICE and INAMON programs respectively). There are 31 species of cephalopods in
the Arctic, including those rarely appearing on the borders of
the arctic region. Only 10 species constantly live in the Arctic
throughout their lifecycle: Gonatus fabricii, Rossia palpebrosa, R. moelleri, Cirroteuthis muelleri, Bathypolypus arcticus, B. bairdii, B. pugniger, Muusoctopus sp., M. sibiricus,
M. leioderma. The distribution range of Gonatus fabricii has
been increasing eastward since 2006 to the shelf of the eastern Barents Sea and the Kara Sea. Three boreo-subtropical
squids (Todaropsis eblanae, Teuthowenia megalops,
Galiteuthis armata) and one bobtail squid (Sepietta oweniana) has been recorded in the Arctic since 2006. Todarodes
sagittatus appeared in the Barents Sea in 2010, for the first
time since 1983. Being known to appear in the Arctic as a
foraging migrant, this record has therefore no relation to the
ongoing climate changes. Thus, all the reported records of
boreo-subtropical cephalopods in the Arctic are of two types:
(1) regular foraging migrations within unknown period of
time and without any connection with climate warming and
(2) northward range expansions of boreal species into the
Arctic during the last decade, induced by an ongoing warming of Arctic waters. Quantitative distribution of the Arctic
cephalopods was studied only for the Barents Sea so far,
therefore any recent climate change impacts on cephalopods
elsewhere around the Arctic are not known.
9.2.4 Impact of Climate Change on Protist
Communities in Isfjorden – Svalbard
Mathilde Bourreau
1*
, Janne E. Søreide
2
, Tove M. Gabrielsen
2
1
University Centre in Svalbard, P.O. Box 394 N-9171,
Longyearbyen, Norway
2
University Centre in Svalbard, P.O. Box 156,
Longyearbyen, Norway
*corresponding author: mathilde.bourreau@etu.upmc.fr
Keywords: Protists, Climate change, Svalbard, 18S rRNA
gene, Seasonality
Isfjorden on the western coast of Svalbard is seasonally
ice-covered in the innermost parts. The Atlantic Water
Current, strongly influencing western Spitsbergen fjords, has
been warming 0.3 °C per decade over the last 50 years. This
is altering Isfjorden sea water temperature, stratification and
community composition. A change in the microbial community could have a major impact on the higher trophic levels
and thus the arctic marine ecosystem. This research project is
part of the IMOS project (Isfjorden Marine Observatory
Svalbard) studying long-term effects of the changing Arctic.
The aim of this project is to study the impact of climate
change on the protist communities in Isfjorden, by considering if changes in the temperature, salinity and stratification
are impacting their seasonality and diversity. Three stations
from warm Atlantic water to more Arctic climate, along
Isfjorden in Svalbard, were sampled regularly during 3 years.
Water samples were taken combined with CTD measurements (salinity, fluorescence and temperature) and nutrient
samples. Using Illumina sequencing, two size fractions
(10 μm and 0.45–10 μm) of the water are analyzed and the
species are identified by metabarcoding of the V4 region of
the 18S rRNA gene. We will observe the modifications in
community composition. We will compare the 3 years for
inter-annual variation and long-term trends. Finally we will
discuss the importance of factors such as light (is the bottleneck effect because of polar night remaining?), temperature,
salinity and nutrients on the community diversity.
9.2.5 Sedimentation of Persistent Organic
Pollutants (POPs) in Ryder Bay, Antarctica
David Amptmeijer
1*
, Artem Krasnobaev
2
, Nico van den
Brink
2
1
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RUG), department of
marine biology, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen,
Nederland
2
Wageningen university and Research (WUR), department of toxicology, Stippeneng 4, Helix, building 124, 6708
WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
*corresponding author: davidamptmeijer@gmail.com
Keywords: POPs, Antarctica, Modeling, Fugacity, NPZD
Strong lipophilic and halogenated POPs are accumulating
in the Antarctic marine ecosystem. Although the main pathway of POPs into the Antarctic system is via atmospheric
deposition, there is a higher bioaccumulation in benthic than
pelagic fish. This suggests that there is a strong flux of POPs
from surface water levels to the deeper water. In order to
study the flux of POPs we linked the flux of organic matter to
a chemical fugacity model. The flux of organic matter is calculated by a Nutrient, Phytoplankton, Zooplankton and
Detritus (NPZD) model based on Chlorophyll and photosynthetic active radiation data collected by the Rothera Time
Series (RaTS) program run by the British Antarctic Survey
between 2012 and 2016. The measurements are taken
biweekly in summer and weekly in winter using CTD at a
520 m deep sampling site located at: “67.570°S, 68.225°W”
in Ryder Bay, Antarctica. Ryder bay is known for having a
large spring diatom bloom after the sea ice melt, followed by
Appendices