222
Keywords: Social-ecological systems, Sustainability science, Participatory management, Small-scale fisheries, Costa
Rica
This project attempts to operationalize a social-ecological
system (SES) framework (McGinnis, M., & Ostrom, E.
(2014). Social-ecological system framework: initial changes
and continuing challenges. Ecology and Society, 19(2))
through experimental research in the case of small-scale artisanal fisheries in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica. The SESF
provides a common structure for academia and practitioners
to identify and integrate factors; and in this case factors that
are crucial to appropriately manage common pool resources
that have greater collective action challenges for management. This project used the SESF as a methodological tool
beyond academia, and utilized it for practical deliberation. In
doing so, the project aims to produce novel concepts to mitigate ongoing issues in small scale fisheries co-management.
Focus groups were conducted in two communities in the
Gulf of Nicoya (Chira and Tambor), and participants were
given entry surveys prior to the focus group session, and exit
surveys thereafter. The SESF was implemented as an illustration to facilitate focus group discussions. Multiple images
were used to represent distinct first tier variables within a
subsystem, intending to bring up conflicting topics during
the group deliberation. This functions to bridge knowledge
from academia (i.e., systems knowledge) to non-academic
stakeholders (i.e., small-scale fishermen) and incorporate
heterogeneous ideas. The role of deliberation in focus groups
also has the potential to induce changes in socio- psychological
attributes (value, belief, norm, behavioral intentions) of the
participants. Focus group deliberation data was quantified
qualitatively using the software MAXQDA to measure depth
and complexity of focus group discussions, and quantitatively with R-Statistics to analyze entry and exit surveys for
socio-psychological changes. Through promoting and fostering accountability and compliance among small-scale
fishermen, this project aims to provide a tool to increase the
efficacy of iterative co-management processes and develop
effective mechanisms for stakeholder participation in decision making.
8.2.9 Research Networks in Tropical Marine
Science – Where, on what and with whom?
Paula Senff
1*
, Stefan Partelow
1,2
, Achim Schlüter
1,2
1
Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT),
Fahrenheitstr. 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
2
Jacobs University, Campus Ring Road 1, 28759 Bremen,
Germany
*corresponding author: paula.senff@leibniz-zmt.de
Keywords: Social network analysis, Path dependency,
Sustainability, Authorship, Collaboration
The body of research on tropical marine ecosystems has
increased tremendously in the past decades and these areas
now also face unprecedented pressures from growing human
impacts. In Partelow et al. (2017, Conserv Lett, doi:10.1111/
conl.12351), we identified several shortcomings in the published literature related to advancing sustainability contributions from science, including a lack of clear problem
orientation, a dissimilarity of knowledge generation and
communication between disciplines, and an uneven focus on
certain geographic regions and ecosystems. This study further analyzed the literature for author affiliation and location,
conducting an in-depth network analysis. Looking at country
level authorship networks, strong regional trends as well as
prioritization on coral reef ecosystems can be seen. Author
collaborations favor domestic cooperation and developing
countries in the tropics are heavily underrepresented.
Furthermore, where empirical research is conducted, the
focus of research and who publishes together result in part
from the numerous path dependencies driving academic
institutions. Institutional path dependencies can take multiple forms such as the availability of field labs and infrastructure, the degree of knowledge of field locations or topics,
established collaborative relationships, or in a more discursive form, current funding and ‘hot topics’ in a scientific
field. To further advance the discourse for a sustainability
agenda in tropical marine science, we propose a stronger
focus on international research in a variety of disciplines and
subject areas.
8.3 Abstracts of Poster Presentations
8.3.1 A Common Coral-Algal Interaction Under
the Influence of Climate Change and Ocean
Acidification
Lena Rölfer
1,2*
, Dorothea Bender-Champ
3
, Hauke Reuter
1
,
Sebastian Ferse
1
, Andreas Kubicek
3
, Sophie Dove
3
, Ove
Hoegh-Guldberg
3
1
Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research,
Fahrenheitsstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
2
Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen,
D-28359 Bremen, Germany
3
School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland,
QLD 4072, Australia
*corresponding author: lena@roelfer.de
Keywords: Coral-algal interaction, Climate change,
Ocean acidification, Porites lobata, Chlorodesmis fastigiata
Competition between corals and algae is frequently
observed on reefs and the outcome of such interactions
affects the relative abundance of reef organisms and therefore reef health. Anthropogenic activities have resulted in
increased in atmospheric CO 2 levels and a subsequent rise in
ocean temperatures. Besides temperature increase, elevated
CO 2 levels are leading to a decrease in oceanic pH resulting
in ocean acidification. These two changes have the potential
Appendices
Keywords: Social-ecological systems, Sustainability science, Participatory management, Small-scale fisheries, Costa
Rica
This project attempts to operationalize a social-ecological
system (SES) framework (McGinnis, M., & Ostrom, E.
(2014). Social-ecological system framework: initial changes
and continuing challenges. Ecology and Society, 19(2))
through experimental research in the case of small-scale artisanal fisheries in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica. The SESF
provides a common structure for academia and practitioners
to identify and integrate factors; and in this case factors that
are crucial to appropriately manage common pool resources
that have greater collective action challenges for management. This project used the SESF as a methodological tool
beyond academia, and utilized it for practical deliberation. In
doing so, the project aims to produce novel concepts to mitigate ongoing issues in small scale fisheries co-management.
Focus groups were conducted in two communities in the
Gulf of Nicoya (Chira and Tambor), and participants were
given entry surveys prior to the focus group session, and exit
surveys thereafter. The SESF was implemented as an illustration to facilitate focus group discussions. Multiple images
were used to represent distinct first tier variables within a
subsystem, intending to bring up conflicting topics during
the group deliberation. This functions to bridge knowledge
from academia (i.e., systems knowledge) to non-academic
stakeholders (i.e., small-scale fishermen) and incorporate
heterogeneous ideas. The role of deliberation in focus groups
also has the potential to induce changes in socio- psychological
attributes (value, belief, norm, behavioral intentions) of the
participants. Focus group deliberation data was quantified
qualitatively using the software MAXQDA to measure depth
and complexity of focus group discussions, and quantitatively with R-Statistics to analyze entry and exit surveys for
socio-psychological changes. Through promoting and fostering accountability and compliance among small-scale
fishermen, this project aims to provide a tool to increase the
efficacy of iterative co-management processes and develop
effective mechanisms for stakeholder participation in decision making.
8.2.9 Research Networks in Tropical Marine
Science – Where, on what and with whom?
Paula Senff
1*
, Stefan Partelow
1,2
, Achim Schlüter
1,2
1
Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT),
Fahrenheitstr. 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
2
Jacobs University, Campus Ring Road 1, 28759 Bremen,
Germany
*corresponding author: paula.senff@leibniz-zmt.de
Keywords: Social network analysis, Path dependency,
Sustainability, Authorship, Collaboration
The body of research on tropical marine ecosystems has
increased tremendously in the past decades and these areas
now also face unprecedented pressures from growing human
impacts. In Partelow et al. (2017, Conserv Lett, doi:10.1111/
conl.12351), we identified several shortcomings in the published literature related to advancing sustainability contributions from science, including a lack of clear problem
orientation, a dissimilarity of knowledge generation and
communication between disciplines, and an uneven focus on
certain geographic regions and ecosystems. This study further analyzed the literature for author affiliation and location,
conducting an in-depth network analysis. Looking at country
level authorship networks, strong regional trends as well as
prioritization on coral reef ecosystems can be seen. Author
collaborations favor domestic cooperation and developing
countries in the tropics are heavily underrepresented.
Furthermore, where empirical research is conducted, the
focus of research and who publishes together result in part
from the numerous path dependencies driving academic
institutions. Institutional path dependencies can take multiple forms such as the availability of field labs and infrastructure, the degree of knowledge of field locations or topics,
established collaborative relationships, or in a more discursive form, current funding and ‘hot topics’ in a scientific
field. To further advance the discourse for a sustainability
agenda in tropical marine science, we propose a stronger
focus on international research in a variety of disciplines and
subject areas.
8.3 Abstracts of Poster Presentations
8.3.1 A Common Coral-Algal Interaction Under
the Influence of Climate Change and Ocean
Acidification
Lena Rölfer
1,2*
, Dorothea Bender-Champ
3
, Hauke Reuter
1
,
Sebastian Ferse
1
, Andreas Kubicek
3
, Sophie Dove
3
, Ove
Hoegh-Guldberg
3
1
Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research,
Fahrenheitsstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
2
Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen,
D-28359 Bremen, Germany
3
School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland,
QLD 4072, Australia
*corresponding author: lena@roelfer.de
Keywords: Coral-algal interaction, Climate change,
Ocean acidification, Porites lobata, Chlorodesmis fastigiata
Competition between corals and algae is frequently
observed on reefs and the outcome of such interactions
affects the relative abundance of reef organisms and therefore reef health. Anthropogenic activities have resulted in
increased in atmospheric CO 2 levels and a subsequent rise in
ocean temperatures. Besides temperature increase, elevated
CO 2 levels are leading to a decrease in oceanic pH resulting
in ocean acidification. These two changes have the potential
Appendices