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2.3.2 provides an overview of similar impacts from the perspective of ecosystem
services.
Natural environment and resources are not only the key stakeholders related to
production. For instance, Chap. 2.3.1 provides an overview of the relevant stakeholders in Brazil and Indonesia. Investors and trade firms play an integral role in
developing the supply chain of biofuels. In Brazil, the national development bank,
BNDES, plays a pivotal role in developing advanced facilities that can flexibly produce both crude sugar and bioethanol. Trade farms are also important in facilitating
infrastructure developments for exporting biofuels at a large scale. Without an
appropriate involvement of these stakeholders, the expansion of biofuel uses, particularly at the global scale, is unlikely. Labor organizations are also important.
Plantations hire a number of manual seasonal laborers for harvesting. Once the
biofuels are exported to developed nations, international communities will be more
concerned about the working environment and “fair” share of profit between the
plantation owners and laborers.
4.5 Future Generations
The last, but requiring a serious attention, category of biofuel deployment stakeholders is our future generations. The foremost goal of deploying biofuels at the
global scale is to reduce the carbon emission, which will eventually curtail the risk
of damage from a major climate change. Chapter 2.1.2 addresses this question by
comparing various methods of biofuel production that can most reduce the GHG
emission. While feedstock captures CO2 when it grows, the procedures of turning it
into fuels in fact emit CO2. Chapter 2.1.2 therefore introduces the life cycle analysis
perspective to measure the effect of various kinds of production method. In its analysis, the effect of using bagasse—the residue of sugar cane—for electricity production is substantial because the increasing demand for electricity in Brazil would lead
to an increased dependence on coal-fired power plants.
4.6 Summary
This chapter reviewed how the stakeholder perspectives are applied to our analyses
of biofuel deployment with different methods. While the discourse on biofuels has
often focused on the impact of expanded production on the surrounding natural
environment, the impact is far more extended to a wide variety of stakeholders. In
reality, the issues around biofuel are not just a polarized debate between proexpansion and anti-expansion. A number of actors, such as investors, manual laborers, and end-use consumers in developed nations, play a pivotal role in the chain of
actions from production to consumption. In addition, political discourses often
4 Applying Stakeholder Perspectives to Sustainable Biofuel Strategy: A Summary…
2.3.2 provides an overview of similar impacts from the perspective of ecosystem
services.
Natural environment and resources are not only the key stakeholders related to
production. For instance, Chap. 2.3.1 provides an overview of the relevant stakeholders in Brazil and Indonesia. Investors and trade firms play an integral role in
developing the supply chain of biofuels. In Brazil, the national development bank,
BNDES, plays a pivotal role in developing advanced facilities that can flexibly produce both crude sugar and bioethanol. Trade farms are also important in facilitating
infrastructure developments for exporting biofuels at a large scale. Without an
appropriate involvement of these stakeholders, the expansion of biofuel uses, particularly at the global scale, is unlikely. Labor organizations are also important.
Plantations hire a number of manual seasonal laborers for harvesting. Once the
biofuels are exported to developed nations, international communities will be more
concerned about the working environment and “fair” share of profit between the
plantation owners and laborers.
4.5 Future Generations
The last, but requiring a serious attention, category of biofuel deployment stakeholders is our future generations. The foremost goal of deploying biofuels at the
global scale is to reduce the carbon emission, which will eventually curtail the risk
of damage from a major climate change. Chapter 2.1.2 addresses this question by
comparing various methods of biofuel production that can most reduce the GHG
emission. While feedstock captures CO2 when it grows, the procedures of turning it
into fuels in fact emit CO2. Chapter 2.1.2 therefore introduces the life cycle analysis
perspective to measure the effect of various kinds of production method. In its analysis, the effect of using bagasse—the residue of sugar cane—for electricity production is substantial because the increasing demand for electricity in Brazil would lead
to an increased dependence on coal-fired power plants.
4.6 Summary
This chapter reviewed how the stakeholder perspectives are applied to our analyses
of biofuel deployment with different methods. While the discourse on biofuels has
often focused on the impact of expanded production on the surrounding natural
environment, the impact is far more extended to a wide variety of stakeholders. In
reality, the issues around biofuel are not just a polarized debate between proexpansion and anti-expansion. A number of actors, such as investors, manual laborers, and end-use consumers in developed nations, play a pivotal role in the chain of
actions from production to consumption. In addition, political discourses often
4 Applying Stakeholder Perspectives to Sustainable Biofuel Strategy: A Summary…