149
The 14 fixed-range questions represented the key impacts of palm oil production
on ecosystem services, biodiversity, and human well-being as identified in the literature review (Sect. 10.2). These questions can be divided along three impact
categories:
Ecosystem services: Freshwater services (provisioning and regulating services),
air quality regulation (regulating services), erosion
regulation (regulating service), soil fertility (supporting
service), and climate regulation (regulating service)
Human well-being: Income, health, land titles, labor standards, social conflicts
Biodiversity:
One dedicated question about biodiversity loss and three
questions regarding some of its main drivers
(i.e., invasive species, waste/pollution,
and agrochemical use)
These impacts overlapped very well with the main criteria/principles of the
RSPO certification scheme (RSPO 2007). For each of these questions the respondents had to provide a score between “0” and “3” that represented the difficulty of
addressing the respective impact. Each of these scores was accompanied by the following short explanations:
• 0 = not difficult or costly
• 1 = problematic but success has been achieved
• 2 = solutions seem to exist, yet barriers prevent success
• 3 = deep concern about finding feasible solutions
The questionnaire also captured the stakeholders’ perceptions about the main
reasons behind the current impacts of palm oil production. It identified the main
barriers, opportunities, and appropriate ways to reduce the negative impacts. The
respondents elaborated their quantitative answers in designated boxes next to each
of the 14 impact questions. The wording used as the caption in these boxes was:
“Why? Please explain briefly (for example, high/low cost, political constraints/
opportunities, technical feasibility/difficulty, etc).
Five hundred hardcopies of the questionnaire (450 in English and 50 translated
in Bahasa Indonesia) were distributed during the plenary sessions of RSPO-RT8
(Jakarta, Indonesia), which were sufficient to cover all potential attendees during
the first day plenary.
8
A brief announcement was made by the RSPO-RT8 organization committee to inform the participants about the survey and to request their collaboration in filling it.
8 According to the official registration list, 650 people registered for the event.
10 Stakeholders’ Perceptions of Ecosystem Services and Human Well-Being Impacts…
The 14 fixed-range questions represented the key impacts of palm oil production
on ecosystem services, biodiversity, and human well-being as identified in the literature review (Sect. 10.2). These questions can be divided along three impact
categories:
Ecosystem services: Freshwater services (provisioning and regulating services),
air quality regulation (regulating services), erosion
regulation (regulating service), soil fertility (supporting
service), and climate regulation (regulating service)
Human well-being: Income, health, land titles, labor standards, social conflicts
Biodiversity:
One dedicated question about biodiversity loss and three
questions regarding some of its main drivers
(i.e., invasive species, waste/pollution,
and agrochemical use)
These impacts overlapped very well with the main criteria/principles of the
RSPO certification scheme (RSPO 2007). For each of these questions the respondents had to provide a score between “0” and “3” that represented the difficulty of
addressing the respective impact. Each of these scores was accompanied by the following short explanations:
• 0 = not difficult or costly
• 1 = problematic but success has been achieved
• 2 = solutions seem to exist, yet barriers prevent success
• 3 = deep concern about finding feasible solutions
The questionnaire also captured the stakeholders’ perceptions about the main
reasons behind the current impacts of palm oil production. It identified the main
barriers, opportunities, and appropriate ways to reduce the negative impacts. The
respondents elaborated their quantitative answers in designated boxes next to each
of the 14 impact questions. The wording used as the caption in these boxes was:
“Why? Please explain briefly (for example, high/low cost, political constraints/
opportunities, technical feasibility/difficulty, etc).
Five hundred hardcopies of the questionnaire (450 in English and 50 translated
in Bahasa Indonesia) were distributed during the plenary sessions of RSPO-RT8
(Jakarta, Indonesia), which were sufficient to cover all potential attendees during
the first day plenary.
8
A brief announcement was made by the RSPO-RT8 organization committee to inform the participants about the survey and to request their collaboration in filling it.
8 According to the official registration list, 650 people registered for the event.
10 Stakeholders’ Perceptions of Ecosystem Services and Human Well-Being Impacts…