ix
France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal,
Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The NMS include the Czech Republic,
Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Malta and
Cyprus, with the most recent expansion including Bulgaria and Romania in
2007.
Methane – A hydrocarbon that is a greenhouse gas with a high global warming
potential (estimated GWP is 24,5). Methane (CH 4) is produced through anaerobic (without oxygen) decomposition of waste in landfills, animal digestion,
decomposition of animal wastes, production and distribution of natural gas and
oil, coal production and incomplete fossil fuel combustion.
Metric tonne carbon dioxide equivalent (Mt CO2 e) – A metric measure used to
compare the emissions from various greenhouse gases based upon their global
warming potential (GWP). Carbon dioxide equivalents are commonly expressed
as ‘million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents (MMTCDE)’. The carbon dioxide equivalent for a gas is derived by multiplying the tonnes of the gas
by the associated GWP.
Public private partnership (PPP) – A mechanism to use the private sector to
deliver outcomes for the public sector, usually on the basis of a long term funding agreement, in a win-win scenario.
Renewable energy sources (RES) – Renewable energy is energy generated from
natural resources naturally replenished in a short period of time. The renewable
sources used most often are: wind, solar, geothermal heat, wave motion, tidal,
hydraulic, biomass, landfill gas, treatment process gas and biogas.
Renewable heating and cooling (RES-H) – Heating and cooling are necessary
elements of any comprehensive strategy to develop renewables and to achieve
sustainability in the energy sector. Renewable heating and cooling can significantly contribute to security of energy supply in the EU and reducing CO2
emissions.
Stern Review (SR) – The Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change, the
most comprehensive review ever carried out on the economics of climate change,
was published on October 30, 2006 and was lead by Lord Stern. The Review set
out to provide the report assessing the nature of the economic challenges of climate change and how they can be met, both in the UK and globally.
Third party financing (TPF) – This is an appropriate tool for funding of optimization strategies without financial charge to the final user. This is due to budget
savings from increased energy efficiency and more appropriate allocation of
financial resources made available.
Terawatt hours (TWh) is a unit of energy equal to 1 billion kilowatt-hours
Parts per million (ppm) – Commonly used as a measure of small levels of pollutants in air, water, body fluids, etc. This is a way of expressing very dilute concentration of substances. One ppm is equivalent to 1 mg of something per liter of
water (mg/l) or 1 mg of something per kilogram soil (mg/kg).
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) – An
international treaty signed at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992 in which 150 countries promised stabilisation of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere
Glossary and Abbreviations
France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal,
Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The NMS include the Czech Republic,
Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Malta and
Cyprus, with the most recent expansion including Bulgaria and Romania in
2007.
Methane – A hydrocarbon that is a greenhouse gas with a high global warming
potential (estimated GWP is 24,5). Methane (CH 4) is produced through anaerobic (without oxygen) decomposition of waste in landfills, animal digestion,
decomposition of animal wastes, production and distribution of natural gas and
oil, coal production and incomplete fossil fuel combustion.
Metric tonne carbon dioxide equivalent (Mt CO2 e) – A metric measure used to
compare the emissions from various greenhouse gases based upon their global
warming potential (GWP). Carbon dioxide equivalents are commonly expressed
as ‘million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents (MMTCDE)’. The carbon dioxide equivalent for a gas is derived by multiplying the tonnes of the gas
by the associated GWP.
Public private partnership (PPP) – A mechanism to use the private sector to
deliver outcomes for the public sector, usually on the basis of a long term funding agreement, in a win-win scenario.
Renewable energy sources (RES) – Renewable energy is energy generated from
natural resources naturally replenished in a short period of time. The renewable
sources used most often are: wind, solar, geothermal heat, wave motion, tidal,
hydraulic, biomass, landfill gas, treatment process gas and biogas.
Renewable heating and cooling (RES-H) – Heating and cooling are necessary
elements of any comprehensive strategy to develop renewables and to achieve
sustainability in the energy sector. Renewable heating and cooling can significantly contribute to security of energy supply in the EU and reducing CO2
emissions.
Stern Review (SR) – The Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change, the
most comprehensive review ever carried out on the economics of climate change,
was published on October 30, 2006 and was lead by Lord Stern. The Review set
out to provide the report assessing the nature of the economic challenges of climate change and how they can be met, both in the UK and globally.
Third party financing (TPF) – This is an appropriate tool for funding of optimization strategies without financial charge to the final user. This is due to budget
savings from increased energy efficiency and more appropriate allocation of
financial resources made available.
Terawatt hours (TWh) is a unit of energy equal to 1 billion kilowatt-hours
Parts per million (ppm) – Commonly used as a measure of small levels of pollutants in air, water, body fluids, etc. This is a way of expressing very dilute concentration of substances. One ppm is equivalent to 1 mg of something per liter of
water (mg/l) or 1 mg of something per kilogram soil (mg/kg).
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) – An
international treaty signed at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992 in which 150 countries promised stabilisation of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere
Glossary and Abbreviations