21
the heart of the city and daily cycle of the urban heat island. However, the evaluation
indicated also some discrepancies: in the reference points SURFEX overestimates
temperature in most months and in Budapest the central point is colder than the
outer one, contrary to the observations. These errors derived partly from the atmospheric forcings and the inaccurate coverage description of ECOCLIMAP. Some
additional investigations and test experiments are planned in order to examine the
behaviour of the model in detail and develop its performance. Further goal with
SURFEX is the dynamical downscaling of climate projections over towns, furthermore, supplying a reliable basis for impact studies in the cities for the future.
References
Csima, G. & Horányi, A. (2008). Validation of the ALADIN-Climate regional climate model at the Hungarian Meteorological Service. Időjárás, 112, 155–177.
Le Moigne, P. (2009). SURFEX scientific documentation. Note de centre (CNRM/
GMME), Météo-France, Toulouse, France.
Masson, V. (2000). A physically-based scheme for the urban energy budget in atmospheric models. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 94, 357–397.
Masson V., Champeaux, J.-L., Chauvin, F., Meriguet, C. & Lacaze, R. (2003). A
global database of land surface parameters at 1 km resolution in meteorological
and climate models. Journal of Climate, 16, 1261–1282.
Uppala, S. M., Kallberg, P. W., Simmons, A. J., Andrae, U., da Costa Bechtold, V.,
Fiorino, M., Gibson, J. K., Haseler, J., Hernandez, A., Kelly, G. A., Li, X., Onogi,
K., Saarinen, S., Sokka, N., Allan, R. P., Andersson, E., Arpe, K., Balmaseda,
M. A., Beljaars, A. C. M., van de Berg, L., Bidlot, J., Bormann, N., Caires, S.,
Chevallier, F., Dethof, A., Dragosavac, M., Fisher, M., Fuentes, M., Hagemann,
S., Hólm, E., Hoskins, B. J., Isaksen, L., Janssen, P. A. E. M., Jenne, R., McNally,
A. P., Mahfouf, J.-F., Morcrette, J.-J., Rayner, N. A., Saunders, R. W., Simon, P.,
Sterl, A., Trenberth, K. E., Untch, A., Vasiljevic, D., Viterbo, P., & Woollen, J.
(2005). The ERA-40 re-analysis. Quarterly Journal of Research Meteorology
Society, 131, 2961–3012.
Vértesi, Á. É. (2011). Modelling possibilities of the urban heat island effect in
Budapest (in Hungarian). Master Thesis, ELTE, Budapest, Hungary.
1.3.4 Regional Climate Modelling Considering the Effect
of Urbanization on Climate Change in Central Europe
Tomáš Halenka and Peter Huszar
Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department
of Atmospheric Physics, Charles University Prague (CUNI),
Prague, Czech Republic
tomas.halenka@mff.cuni.cz
1 Forecasting Models for Urban Warming in Climate Change
the heart of the city and daily cycle of the urban heat island. However, the evaluation
indicated also some discrepancies: in the reference points SURFEX overestimates
temperature in most months and in Budapest the central point is colder than the
outer one, contrary to the observations. These errors derived partly from the atmospheric forcings and the inaccurate coverage description of ECOCLIMAP. Some
additional investigations and test experiments are planned in order to examine the
behaviour of the model in detail and develop its performance. Further goal with
SURFEX is the dynamical downscaling of climate projections over towns, furthermore, supplying a reliable basis for impact studies in the cities for the future.
References
Csima, G. & Horányi, A. (2008). Validation of the ALADIN-Climate regional climate model at the Hungarian Meteorological Service. Időjárás, 112, 155–177.
Le Moigne, P. (2009). SURFEX scientific documentation. Note de centre (CNRM/
GMME), Météo-France, Toulouse, France.
Masson, V. (2000). A physically-based scheme for the urban energy budget in atmospheric models. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 94, 357–397.
Masson V., Champeaux, J.-L., Chauvin, F., Meriguet, C. & Lacaze, R. (2003). A
global database of land surface parameters at 1 km resolution in meteorological
and climate models. Journal of Climate, 16, 1261–1282.
Uppala, S. M., Kallberg, P. W., Simmons, A. J., Andrae, U., da Costa Bechtold, V.,
Fiorino, M., Gibson, J. K., Haseler, J., Hernandez, A., Kelly, G. A., Li, X., Onogi,
K., Saarinen, S., Sokka, N., Allan, R. P., Andersson, E., Arpe, K., Balmaseda,
M. A., Beljaars, A. C. M., van de Berg, L., Bidlot, J., Bormann, N., Caires, S.,
Chevallier, F., Dethof, A., Dragosavac, M., Fisher, M., Fuentes, M., Hagemann,
S., Hólm, E., Hoskins, B. J., Isaksen, L., Janssen, P. A. E. M., Jenne, R., McNally,
A. P., Mahfouf, J.-F., Morcrette, J.-J., Rayner, N. A., Saunders, R. W., Simon, P.,
Sterl, A., Trenberth, K. E., Untch, A., Vasiljevic, D., Viterbo, P., & Woollen, J.
(2005). The ERA-40 re-analysis. Quarterly Journal of Research Meteorology
Society, 131, 2961–3012.
Vértesi, Á. É. (2011). Modelling possibilities of the urban heat island effect in
Budapest (in Hungarian). Master Thesis, ELTE, Budapest, Hungary.
1.3.4 Regional Climate Modelling Considering the Effect
of Urbanization on Climate Change in Central Europe
Tomáš Halenka and Peter Huszar
Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department
of Atmospheric Physics, Charles University Prague (CUNI),
Prague, Czech Republic
tomas.halenka@mff.cuni.cz
1 Forecasting Models for Urban Warming in Climate Change