xlii
(Gasparrini 2015; La Cecla 2015; Benevolo 2012). Considering the above, planning
can and must (re-) play an important role by sharing the challenges established by
CC, by ecological issues, the geo-strategic and environmental re-appropriation of
our territories and our cities. The spread of environmental issues and CC can reshape
planning discipline by focusing on water, soil, energy, waste, accessibility/mobility,
but also on concepts such as blue and green infrastructures, recovery and regeneration of marginal areas (vague terrains), the densely populated and widespread city.
In addition, the issues of recovery and regeneration through environmental and ecological networks are closely linked to security (ANCE/CRESME 2012), which
opens a new and important line of research and design on “post-disaster planning”.
The many risks, as well as their dynamic and cumulative interaction, require planning strategies guided by adaptive logic in order to rethink the space we live in
structurally and not limit ourselves to making buildings “safe”.
What territorial and urban planning must do is be more attentive to the physical
and social realities of the places, going further than just looking at the individual
events and embracing the extreme complexity of each territory and city. Planning
must be more attentive to the spatial project to recognize the peculiarities and
opportunities and to ensure not only quality urban landscapes, but also externalities
and interdependencies that only efficient and safe cities and territories can provide
(Gasparrini 2015). The great environmental and spatial challenges posed by CC
require visions and relations on a super-local and a place-specific scale at the same
time: a continuous multi-scale attitude that links resilience and recovery tactics and
strategies. It seems obvious that all these issues require a rethinking of the shape and
use of the territory and the city through the integrated enhancement of environmental components, to counter the effects of the CC and at the same time to rethink the
contemporary city by looking for a sustainable balance.
New Concepts
Adaptation to climate change, broadly defined by the IPCC in 2007, and subsequently analysed in its various meanings in a lot of literature can be divided into
different types: (i) anticipatory, (ii) autonomous and (iii) planned. These three different aspects of the concept and adaptation strategies support a number of new
slogans and tools that fill the discussion on territorial management and planning. If
in recent decades, the concept of “sustainability” has become a key element of territorial urban development, and “adaptation” aims at laying the foundations for
durability through specific strategies, measures and actions. Given the difficulty in
predicting the change of climatic parameters on different scales and different natural and anthropic components, adaptation strategies must be regulated by seeking
not just to ensure the system’s functionality but also to take advantage of opportunities that may arise from the change. For this reason, in recent years, headway is
being made in the idea of using an “ecosystem approach” (Grumbine 1994;
Christensen et al. 1996 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005) to mitigate and
Planning and Climate Change: Concepts, Approaches, Design
(Gasparrini 2015; La Cecla 2015; Benevolo 2012). Considering the above, planning
can and must (re-) play an important role by sharing the challenges established by
CC, by ecological issues, the geo-strategic and environmental re-appropriation of
our territories and our cities. The spread of environmental issues and CC can reshape
planning discipline by focusing on water, soil, energy, waste, accessibility/mobility,
but also on concepts such as blue and green infrastructures, recovery and regeneration of marginal areas (vague terrains), the densely populated and widespread city.
In addition, the issues of recovery and regeneration through environmental and ecological networks are closely linked to security (ANCE/CRESME 2012), which
opens a new and important line of research and design on “post-disaster planning”.
The many risks, as well as their dynamic and cumulative interaction, require planning strategies guided by adaptive logic in order to rethink the space we live in
structurally and not limit ourselves to making buildings “safe”.
What territorial and urban planning must do is be more attentive to the physical
and social realities of the places, going further than just looking at the individual
events and embracing the extreme complexity of each territory and city. Planning
must be more attentive to the spatial project to recognize the peculiarities and
opportunities and to ensure not only quality urban landscapes, but also externalities
and interdependencies that only efficient and safe cities and territories can provide
(Gasparrini 2015). The great environmental and spatial challenges posed by CC
require visions and relations on a super-local and a place-specific scale at the same
time: a continuous multi-scale attitude that links resilience and recovery tactics and
strategies. It seems obvious that all these issues require a rethinking of the shape and
use of the territory and the city through the integrated enhancement of environmental components, to counter the effects of the CC and at the same time to rethink the
contemporary city by looking for a sustainable balance.
New Concepts
Adaptation to climate change, broadly defined by the IPCC in 2007, and subsequently analysed in its various meanings in a lot of literature can be divided into
different types: (i) anticipatory, (ii) autonomous and (iii) planned. These three different aspects of the concept and adaptation strategies support a number of new
slogans and tools that fill the discussion on territorial management and planning. If
in recent decades, the concept of “sustainability” has become a key element of territorial urban development, and “adaptation” aims at laying the foundations for
durability through specific strategies, measures and actions. Given the difficulty in
predicting the change of climatic parameters on different scales and different natural and anthropic components, adaptation strategies must be regulated by seeking
not just to ensure the system’s functionality but also to take advantage of opportunities that may arise from the change. For this reason, in recent years, headway is
being made in the idea of using an “ecosystem approach” (Grumbine 1994;
Christensen et al. 1996 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005) to mitigate and
Planning and Climate Change: Concepts, Approaches, Design