345
© The Author(s) 2016
F. Musco (ed.), Counteracting Urban Heat Island Effects in a Global Climate
Change Scenario, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-10425-6_13
Chapter 13
Pilot Action in Budapest
Györgyi Baranka , R. Ongjerth , F. Szkordikisz , and O. Kocsis
Abstract Pilot area chosen for evaluation is one of the biggest green investments
of the latest 30 years: the area of this public park is 3.5 ha cost 500 million HUF.
2000 m
2 water surface is 1.2 m deep . Rehabilitation of Millenáris Park including
reconstructions of main building and establishment of a public park costs 15 billions HUF. This is one of the intervention areas of local government (District II) in
Budapest. Municipality has determined boarders of pilot area. Pilot area contains
brownfi eld area, street canyon, public park, which were rehabilitated in the past and
there is a big building, which will be destroyed in the future. Surface of the area is
0.48 km
2
. Local meteorological measurements are continuously available to characterize changing in microclimate of pilot action. Urban planners, experts of green
roof planning were involved in choosing pilot area for the UHI assessment.
Keywords Pilot action • ENVI-MET simulation • Human comfort • Mitigation and
adaptation strategies • Green roofs • Green facades • Single row of street trees •
Double row of street trees • Planters • Heat waves alert system
13.1 Planning Framework
13.1.1 Legal Foundations of Urban Planning
In urban planning even the smallest municipalities (local government) have wide
discretionary powers. Their planning decisions may be annulled only in cases of
breaking the law (central state act or a government statute). Legal control of local
plans is performed by the State Government Offi ces in each of the 19 Counties. The
control in specifi c professional fi elds is exercised by 9 State Chief Architects with
regional competencies. In cases of disputes the fi nal authority is the Constitutional
Court. Therefore, Hungarian urban planning is deeply embedded in codifi ed law.
G. Baranka (*)
Hungarian Meteorological Service , Kitaibel Pál u. 1 ,
Budapest , H-1024 , Hungary
e-mail: baranka.gy@met.hu
R. Ongjerth • F. Szkordikisz • O. Kocsis
Hungarian Urban Knowledge Centre Non-Profi t Ltd , Budapest , Hungary
© The Author(s) 2016
F. Musco (ed.), Counteracting Urban Heat Island Effects in a Global Climate
Change Scenario, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-10425-6_13
Chapter 13
Pilot Action in Budapest
Györgyi Baranka , R. Ongjerth , F. Szkordikisz , and O. Kocsis
Abstract Pilot area chosen for evaluation is one of the biggest green investments
of the latest 30 years: the area of this public park is 3.5 ha cost 500 million HUF.
2000 m
2 water surface is 1.2 m deep . Rehabilitation of Millenáris Park including
reconstructions of main building and establishment of a public park costs 15 billions HUF. This is one of the intervention areas of local government (District II) in
Budapest. Municipality has determined boarders of pilot area. Pilot area contains
brownfi eld area, street canyon, public park, which were rehabilitated in the past and
there is a big building, which will be destroyed in the future. Surface of the area is
0.48 km
2
. Local meteorological measurements are continuously available to characterize changing in microclimate of pilot action. Urban planners, experts of green
roof planning were involved in choosing pilot area for the UHI assessment.
Keywords Pilot action • ENVI-MET simulation • Human comfort • Mitigation and
adaptation strategies • Green roofs • Green facades • Single row of street trees •
Double row of street trees • Planters • Heat waves alert system
13.1 Planning Framework
13.1.1 Legal Foundations of Urban Planning
In urban planning even the smallest municipalities (local government) have wide
discretionary powers. Their planning decisions may be annulled only in cases of
breaking the law (central state act or a government statute). Legal control of local
plans is performed by the State Government Offi ces in each of the 19 Counties. The
control in specifi c professional fi elds is exercised by 9 State Chief Architects with
regional competencies. In cases of disputes the fi nal authority is the Constitutional
Court. Therefore, Hungarian urban planning is deeply embedded in codifi ed law.
G. Baranka (*)
Hungarian Meteorological Service , Kitaibel Pál u. 1 ,
Budapest , H-1024 , Hungary
e-mail: baranka.gy@met.hu
R. Ongjerth • F. Szkordikisz • O. Kocsis
Hungarian Urban Knowledge Centre Non-Profi t Ltd , Budapest , Hungary