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– Vegetation: trees and vegetation reduces ambient air temperature by evapotranspiration and shading and is therefore expected to help in mitigating UHI
intensity levels (Kurn et al. 1994 ). The common practices within this scope
are the planting of trees and vegetation in existing urban fabric (mainly city
streets), or the creation or preservation of wider green areas (parks, groves)
within the urban fabric.
• Action 5.2. Establishment of an effective UHI modelling environment. The purpose of this action is to establish a coupled “top-down” (meteorological) and
bottom-up (built environment) computational modelling environment. Thereby,
low-resolution (large-grid) meteorological models provide data on large-scale
UHI effects. This data are subsequently used as boundary conditions for mediumsmall scale thermal modelling tools of the built environment. For this scope, the
potential of transfer functions has been explored. These functions derive from
weather station data, high-resolution micro-climatic conditions at immediate
proximity of built structures. The available simulation tools, used by the project
partners are listed. These models and their coupling are the core of the DSS
elaboration.
• Action 5.3. Defi nition of mitigation and adaptation strategies. Given the above
coupled modelling environment, the relative performance (predicted degree of
success) for various alternative M&A strategies and measures could be examined
and numerically described. A set of strategies are formulated to be applied at
national and transnational scales to address the UHI phenomena. Such M&A
measures portfolio includes specifi c urban and spatial planning guidelines as
well as risk management recommendations.
5.5 Main Acronyms
CE:
Central Europe
DSS:
Decision Support System
LP:
Lead Partner
WP:
Work Package
AF:
Application Form
UHI:
Urban Heat Island
ACT:
Action
DBMS: Database Management Software
MBMS: Model Base Management Software
DGMS: Dialogue Generation Management Software
SMS:
Short Message Service
TN:
Transnational Network
M&A:
Mitigation and Adaptation
D. Fava et al.
– Vegetation: trees and vegetation reduces ambient air temperature by evapotranspiration and shading and is therefore expected to help in mitigating UHI
intensity levels (Kurn et al. 1994 ). The common practices within this scope
are the planting of trees and vegetation in existing urban fabric (mainly city
streets), or the creation or preservation of wider green areas (parks, groves)
within the urban fabric.
• Action 5.2. Establishment of an effective UHI modelling environment. The purpose of this action is to establish a coupled “top-down” (meteorological) and
bottom-up (built environment) computational modelling environment. Thereby,
low-resolution (large-grid) meteorological models provide data on large-scale
UHI effects. This data are subsequently used as boundary conditions for mediumsmall scale thermal modelling tools of the built environment. For this scope, the
potential of transfer functions has been explored. These functions derive from
weather station data, high-resolution micro-climatic conditions at immediate
proximity of built structures. The available simulation tools, used by the project
partners are listed. These models and their coupling are the core of the DSS
elaboration.
• Action 5.3. Defi nition of mitigation and adaptation strategies. Given the above
coupled modelling environment, the relative performance (predicted degree of
success) for various alternative M&A strategies and measures could be examined
and numerically described. A set of strategies are formulated to be applied at
national and transnational scales to address the UHI phenomena. Such M&A
measures portfolio includes specifi c urban and spatial planning guidelines as
well as risk management recommendations.
5.5 Main Acronyms
CE:
Central Europe
DSS:
Decision Support System
LP:
Lead Partner
WP:
Work Package
AF:
Application Form
UHI:
Urban Heat Island
ACT:
Action
DBMS: Database Management Software
MBMS: Model Base Management Software
DGMS: Dialogue Generation Management Software
SMS:
Short Message Service
TN:
Transnational Network
M&A:
Mitigation and Adaptation
D. Fava et al.