14 What Have We Learned about Neutrinos...
113
14.6 Worldwide Effort to a Fuller Understanding
of Neutrino Mass
Currently, there are many efforts in various parts of the world to understand
the neutrino masses better, and to the fullest extent possible. In the USA,
major funding to Fermilab is given for the neutrino project, called DUNE
(Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment), which will direct a neutrino beam
from Fermilab to Lead, South Dakota to study the neutrino oscillations.
As already mentioned, the primary aim of this experiment is to discover
the CP violating forces among neutrinos, as well as to provide evidence for
either of the two mass orderings described above. Another experiment in
Japan which is called T2K (short form for Tokai to Kamiokande) is also
attempting to establish the mass ordering and CP violation in the neutrino
sector, the same goal as DUNE. Then there is another reactor experiments
in China, called JUNO (Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory), and
a planned experiment in India to study atmospheric neutrinos, called INO
(Indian Neutrino Observatory) [9]. JUNO’s goal is to use reactor neutrinos
to study the mass ordering problem among other things. INO will study
the atmospheric neutrino oscillation in finer detail using iron as the detector
(iron calorimeter). The latter project at the moment has been plagued by local
political problems, which presumably will be resolved and the experiment can
go on.
Then, there are many experiments all over the world to search for what are
called sterile neutrinos, discussed in a subsequent chapters. These experiments
put neutrino detectors from the reactor sources at shorter distances so that they
are sensitive to higher mass differences.
14.7 Can Neutrino Be Sensitive to Magnetic
Forces: The Neutrino Magnetic Moment
Being deflected in a magnetic field is a property of charged fermions. A charged
fermion moving in space creates a magnetic field. These are all well known
properties. But we saw earlier in the book that neutrons which are electrically
neutral also have a magnetic moment, i.e. they behave like tiny magnets in
a magnetic field. That is already understood to be due to the quarks inside
the neutron, which have electric charge and are constantly moving around.
How about the neutrino? Could it have a magnetic property i.e. magnetic
moment due to something going on inside it? As far as we know, it has no
113
14.6 Worldwide Effort to a Fuller Understanding
of Neutrino Mass
Currently, there are many efforts in various parts of the world to understand
the neutrino masses better, and to the fullest extent possible. In the USA,
major funding to Fermilab is given for the neutrino project, called DUNE
(Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment), which will direct a neutrino beam
from Fermilab to Lead, South Dakota to study the neutrino oscillations.
As already mentioned, the primary aim of this experiment is to discover
the CP violating forces among neutrinos, as well as to provide evidence for
either of the two mass orderings described above. Another experiment in
Japan which is called T2K (short form for Tokai to Kamiokande) is also
attempting to establish the mass ordering and CP violation in the neutrino
sector, the same goal as DUNE. Then there is another reactor experiments
in China, called JUNO (Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory), and
a planned experiment in India to study atmospheric neutrinos, called INO
(Indian Neutrino Observatory) [9]. JUNO’s goal is to use reactor neutrinos
to study the mass ordering problem among other things. INO will study
the atmospheric neutrino oscillation in finer detail using iron as the detector
(iron calorimeter). The latter project at the moment has been plagued by local
political problems, which presumably will be resolved and the experiment can
go on.
Then, there are many experiments all over the world to search for what are
called sterile neutrinos, discussed in a subsequent chapters. These experiments
put neutrino detectors from the reactor sources at shorter distances so that they
are sensitive to higher mass differences.
14.7 Can Neutrino Be Sensitive to Magnetic
Forces: The Neutrino Magnetic Moment
Being deflected in a magnetic field is a property of charged fermions. A charged
fermion moving in space creates a magnetic field. These are all well known
properties. But we saw earlier in the book that neutrons which are electrically
neutral also have a magnetic moment, i.e. they behave like tiny magnets in
a magnetic field. That is already understood to be due to the quarks inside
the neutron, which have electric charge and are constantly moving around.
How about the neutrino? Could it have a magnetic property i.e. magnetic
moment due to something going on inside it? As far as we know, it has no