Oestrone (estrone) 358
Oleaceae 330
Olea europaea 330
Oleuropein 330, 331
Oligosaccharide 303, 319
Optical activity 44–46
Optical isomerism 44–46
Optical rotation 45, 46
Orbital 18
Organolithium 72, 109, 252, 272
Organometallic compounds or reagents 71,
72, 248–250
Organocuprates (Gilman reagents) 72, 73,
78, 79, 87, 97, 240, 252, 253
Ornithin 291
ortho, para, meta -Directing groups
122–127
Oryza sativa 314
Osazone test 308, 309
Osmium tetroxide (OsO 4 ) 265, 266
Outer-shell electrons 21
Oxalyl chloride 93, 95, 250
Oxanes 80, 81
Oxazole 145, 155–158
Oxidation reactions 191, 264–271
Oxidative cleavage 267
Oxidizing agent 265, 269, 257
Oxime 217, 218, 275
Oxirane 80, 81
Oxonium ion 10, 76
Oxymercuration-demercuration 205, 206
Oxymercuration-reduction 205, 206
Ozonolysis 267–269
Paal-Knorr synthesis 148
Packing 4
Paclitaxel 285, 343, 346,
PABA (para-aminobenzoic acid) 185
Panax ginseng 347
Papaver somniferum (Poppy plant) 2, 165,
284, 296
Papavaraceae 296
Papaverine 165, 167, 290, 295, 296
Paracetamol (acetaminophen) 2, 188
Pauli exclusion principle 20
Pelargonidin 367
Pentane 4
Pentanoic acid (valeric acid) 90
Pentanol 75
Penicillin G 143, 187, 284
Penicillin V 2, 284
Penicillium notatum 186
Peptide 180, 181
Peptide bond 180
Peracid or peroxyacid 265, 266, 271,
Pericyclic reactions 191, 221, 278–282
Peroxide effect 203, 204
Petroleum 67, 68
pH 11
Pharmacophores 184
a-Phellandrene 334
Phenanthrene 141
Phenetole 133
Phenobarbital 161
Phenol 74, 120, 129–134
Phenolics 359–370
Phenolphthalein 15
Phenoxide ion 132
Phenylacetonitrile 129
Phenylalanine 179, 182
Phenylethylamines 290, 297
Phenyl group 121
Phenylhydrazine 308, 312
Phenylhydrazone 169
Phenylosazone 308, 309
Phenylpropanoids 360, 361
Phosphate esters 98
Phosphonium salt 73, 216
Phosphoric acid 98, 225
Phosphorous oxychloride (POCl 3 ) 101
Phthalic anhydride 142
Phytol 343
Phytosterol 348
Pi (p) bond 26
Picrorhiza kurroa 330
Picrosides 330
Pictet-Spengler synthesis 167
Pinacol rearrangement 226, 227
Pinacolone 227
a-Pinene 334
Pinoline 299
Pinoresinol 362
Piper nigrum 291, 334
Piperidine 146, 153, 290, 291
Piperidinium ion 153
Piperine 290–292
pK a 11
Plane of symmetry 42, 50, 53
Plane polarized light 43, 44
p Orbital 26, 27
Podophyllotoxin 361
Polar aprotic solvent 237
Polar covalent bond 26
Polar protic solvent 237
Polarity 4
Polarimeter 44
Polarizability 237
Polar solvent 5, 237
INDEX
379
Oleaceae 330
Olea europaea 330
Oleuropein 330, 331
Oligosaccharide 303, 319
Optical activity 44–46
Optical isomerism 44–46
Optical rotation 45, 46
Orbital 18
Organolithium 72, 109, 252, 272
Organometallic compounds or reagents 71,
72, 248–250
Organocuprates (Gilman reagents) 72, 73,
78, 79, 87, 97, 240, 252, 253
Ornithin 291
ortho, para, meta -Directing groups
122–127
Oryza sativa 314
Osazone test 308, 309
Osmium tetroxide (OsO 4 ) 265, 266
Outer-shell electrons 21
Oxalyl chloride 93, 95, 250
Oxanes 80, 81
Oxazole 145, 155–158
Oxidation reactions 191, 264–271
Oxidative cleavage 267
Oxidizing agent 265, 269, 257
Oxime 217, 218, 275
Oxirane 80, 81
Oxonium ion 10, 76
Oxymercuration-demercuration 205, 206
Oxymercuration-reduction 205, 206
Ozonolysis 267–269
Paal-Knorr synthesis 148
Packing 4
Paclitaxel 285, 343, 346,
PABA (para-aminobenzoic acid) 185
Panax ginseng 347
Papaver somniferum (Poppy plant) 2, 165,
284, 296
Papavaraceae 296
Papaverine 165, 167, 290, 295, 296
Paracetamol (acetaminophen) 2, 188
Pauli exclusion principle 20
Pelargonidin 367
Pentane 4
Pentanoic acid (valeric acid) 90
Pentanol 75
Penicillin G 143, 187, 284
Penicillin V 2, 284
Penicillium notatum 186
Peptide 180, 181
Peptide bond 180
Peracid or peroxyacid 265, 266, 271,
Pericyclic reactions 191, 221, 278–282
Peroxide effect 203, 204
Petroleum 67, 68
pH 11
Pharmacophores 184
a-Phellandrene 334
Phenanthrene 141
Phenetole 133
Phenobarbital 161
Phenol 74, 120, 129–134
Phenolics 359–370
Phenolphthalein 15
Phenoxide ion 132
Phenylacetonitrile 129
Phenylalanine 179, 182
Phenylethylamines 290, 297
Phenyl group 121
Phenylhydrazine 308, 312
Phenylhydrazone 169
Phenylosazone 308, 309
Phenylpropanoids 360, 361
Phosphate esters 98
Phosphonium salt 73, 216
Phosphoric acid 98, 225
Phosphorous oxychloride (POCl 3 ) 101
Phthalic anhydride 142
Phytol 343
Phytosterol 348
Pi (p) bond 26
Picrorhiza kurroa 330
Picrosides 330
Pictet-Spengler synthesis 167
Pinacol rearrangement 226, 227
Pinacolone 227
a-Pinene 334
Pinoline 299
Pinoresinol 362
Piper nigrum 291, 334
Piperidine 146, 153, 290, 291
Piperidinium ion 153
Piperine 290–292
pK a 11
Plane of symmetry 42, 50, 53
Plane polarized light 43, 44
p Orbital 26, 27
Podophyllotoxin 361
Polar aprotic solvent 237
Polar covalent bond 26
Polar protic solvent 237
Polarity 4
Polarimeter 44
Polarizability 237
Polar solvent 5, 237
INDEX
379