374
TABLE 24-1
Solubility Products at 25 C
Solubility Product and Precipitation
Salt
Carbonates
Ag 2 C0 3
BaCO 3
CaC0 3
CuC0 3
FeC0 3
MgC0 3
MnCO 3
PbCO 3
SrC0 3
Chromates
Ag 2 CrO 4
BaCr0 4
PbCr0 4
SrCrO 4
Halides
AgCI
AgBr
Agl
CaF 2
Hg 2 CI 2
PbCI 2
Pbl 2
SrF 2
7
5
4
2
3
1
5
6
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
8
2
1
1
6
2
94
50
79
34
16
00
00
31
10
12
17
78
24
78
90
32
69
32
62
46
45
K.,
x
x
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
10-'
2
10-io
10-9
10-io
10-"
10-"
10-io
10-14
10-io
10-'
2
10-io
10-M
1Q-5
10-io
10!3
10-"
10-"
10-'
8
10~
5
10-'
10-"
Salt
lodates
Agl0 3
Ce(l0 3 ) 3
Pb(l0 3 ) 2
Oxalates
BaC 2 0 4
CaC 2 0 4
MgC 2 O 4
Hydroxides
AI(OH) 3
Ca(OH) 2
Cd(OH) 2
Cr(OH) 3
Cu(OH) 2
Fe(OH) 2
Fe(OH) 3
Mg(OH) 2
Mn(OH) 2
Ni(OH) z
Pb(OH) 2
Sn(OH) 2
Zn(OH) 2
309
316
251
1 58
229
794
631
372
400
1 00
1 58
794
794
1 16
1 58
650
500
631
3 16
*.,
x
x
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
10- 8
10-io
10-'
3
107
ID9
ios
10-32
10-"
1015
1Q-30
10-'
9
10-ie
1Q-40
10-"
1013
10-"
10-i
6
1027
10-ie
Salt
Sulfates
Ag 2 SO 4
BaSO 4
CaS0 4
Hg 2 S0 4
PbSO 4
SrSO 4
Sulfides
Ag 2 S
Bi 2 S 3
CdS
CoS
CuS
FeS
HgS
MnS
NiS
PbS
SnS
TI 2 S
ZnS
1 58
1 07
240
741
1 66
251
6
1
8
2
6
6
1 6
3
1
25
1
5
1 6
K sp
x 10-'
x 10-'°
x 10-'
x 10-'
x 10-"
x 10-'
x 1050
x 1097
x 102T
x 102S
x 1039
x 1018
x 1052
x 1010
x 10-"
x 10-"
x 1025
x 1021
x 10-"
SOLUBILITY IN WATER
Values of A'sp make it possible to calculate the solubility of compounds under a
wide variety of conditions. The simplest of these calculations is the solubility in
water.
PROBLEM:
What is the solubility of PbSO 4 in grams/100 ml of water?
SOLUTION:
The chemical equilibrium is
PbSO 4 f± Pb
2+ + SO
2 -