Nguyen, Brunstrom, Grinnemo, and Taheri
50
high‐level use cases and identifying the related high‐level potential requirements for 5G.
According to [8], use cases within the SMARTER study are grouped into four main building
blocks, including Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Massive Internet of Things (mIoT),
Critical Communications (CriC), and Network Operation (NeO). The System Architecture
WG (SA2) also initiated several feasibility studies on the enhancement of the existing architecture. as well as a study item on designing a new system architecture for the next generation mobile networks [33]. In addition, the SA Telecom Management WG (SA5) completed
a study item on the NFV concept in the management of mobile networks.
From a RAN perspective, TSG RAN has completed a study on channel model for
frequency spectrum above 6GHz. In September 2015, 3GPP organized a workshop on
RAN for 5G and established a study item on the requirements and scope of the new
radio technology. All results from the study items by SA and RAN TSGs will be inputs
for the technical specification Release 14, which will be completed in June 2017.
2.4.2.2 5G Phase I
After finishing the pre‐5G phase with a lot of proposed study items, this phase will start
the first phase of standardization of 5G related solutions, in which work items are
proposed for approval. The 5G phase I will focus on the use case building block of
enhancing mobile broadband, as well as low latency and high reliability. The concept of
New Radio (NR) will be standardized from this phase, where the frequency range will be
below 6GHz and above 6GHz. It will also address the operation of standalone and non‐
standalone NR. From the SA perspective, the requirements from the SMARTER study
and study items on SA2 will be followed in the 5G phase I. This phase will be completed
in June 2018, with the release of Release 15.
2.4.2.3 5G Phase II
The 5G phase II will be optimized, not only for enhanced mobile broadband, but for all 5G
use cases. The NR will be further studied and standardized with new requirements and
features, such as the operation at higher frequency band using mmWave technology. The
SA work items will be further enhanced and improved, including security aspects from
the SA Security WG (SA3). Although the concrete work item for the second phase has not
been decided upon yet, the results from this phase should be ready by December 2019 for
the IMT‐2020 submission and addressing all identified use cases and requirements.
2.4.3 ETSI Activities
There are several industry specification groups (ISGs) and working groups within ETSI
related to the development of 5G, such as NFV ISG
3
, MEC ISG
4
, mmWave Transmissions
(mWT) ISG
5
, and Next Generation Protocols (NGP) ISG
6
.
ESTI NFV ISG was founded in 2012 with the objective to develop the required standards for NFV. So far, this group has published three white papers providing information,
including a reference architectural framework, research activities and progress, scope and
3 ETSI NFV ISG. http://www.etsi.org/technologiesclusters/technologies/nfv
4 ETSI MEC ISG. http://www.etsi.org/technologiesclusters/technologies/mobileedgecomputing
5 ETSI mWT. http://www.etsi.org/technologiesclusters/technologies/millimetrewavetransmission
6 ETSI NGP. http://www.etsi.org/technologiesclusters/technologies/nextgenerationprotocols
50
high‐level use cases and identifying the related high‐level potential requirements for 5G.
According to [8], use cases within the SMARTER study are grouped into four main building
blocks, including Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Massive Internet of Things (mIoT),
Critical Communications (CriC), and Network Operation (NeO). The System Architecture
WG (SA2) also initiated several feasibility studies on the enhancement of the existing architecture. as well as a study item on designing a new system architecture for the next generation mobile networks [33]. In addition, the SA Telecom Management WG (SA5) completed
a study item on the NFV concept in the management of mobile networks.
From a RAN perspective, TSG RAN has completed a study on channel model for
frequency spectrum above 6GHz. In September 2015, 3GPP organized a workshop on
RAN for 5G and established a study item on the requirements and scope of the new
radio technology. All results from the study items by SA and RAN TSGs will be inputs
for the technical specification Release 14, which will be completed in June 2017.
2.4.2.2 5G Phase I
After finishing the pre‐5G phase with a lot of proposed study items, this phase will start
the first phase of standardization of 5G related solutions, in which work items are
proposed for approval. The 5G phase I will focus on the use case building block of
enhancing mobile broadband, as well as low latency and high reliability. The concept of
New Radio (NR) will be standardized from this phase, where the frequency range will be
below 6GHz and above 6GHz. It will also address the operation of standalone and non‐
standalone NR. From the SA perspective, the requirements from the SMARTER study
and study items on SA2 will be followed in the 5G phase I. This phase will be completed
in June 2018, with the release of Release 15.
2.4.2.3 5G Phase II
The 5G phase II will be optimized, not only for enhanced mobile broadband, but for all 5G
use cases. The NR will be further studied and standardized with new requirements and
features, such as the operation at higher frequency band using mmWave technology. The
SA work items will be further enhanced and improved, including security aspects from
the SA Security WG (SA3). Although the concrete work item for the second phase has not
been decided upon yet, the results from this phase should be ready by December 2019 for
the IMT‐2020 submission and addressing all identified use cases and requirements.
2.4.3 ETSI Activities
There are several industry specification groups (ISGs) and working groups within ETSI
related to the development of 5G, such as NFV ISG
3
, MEC ISG
4
, mmWave Transmissions
(mWT) ISG
5
, and Next Generation Protocols (NGP) ISG
6
.
ESTI NFV ISG was founded in 2012 with the objective to develop the required standards for NFV. So far, this group has published three white papers providing information,
including a reference architectural framework, research activities and progress, scope and
3 ETSI NFV ISG. http://www.etsi.org/technologiesclusters/technologies/nfv
4 ETSI MEC ISG. http://www.etsi.org/technologiesclusters/technologies/mobileedgecomputing
5 ETSI mWT. http://www.etsi.org/technologiesclusters/technologies/millimetrewavetransmission
6 ETSI NGP. http://www.etsi.org/technologiesclusters/technologies/nextgenerationprotocols