Monshizadeh and Khatri
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devices and sensors to collect and send patient information periodically to a hospital
server or cloud. The devices are sending patient information with low data rate; therefore, with using non‐orthogonal multiple access mechanism, several of these IoT devices
can be squeezed into the same time slot [8].
In addition, it is expected that the total number of mobile connections, including IoT
or machine type communication, reaches several hundred times the world population.
5G would serve many IoT devices across multiple domains, for example, self‐driving
cars, package delivery, medicine, smart grids and home automation. 5G network will be
heterogenous and will have many new technologies and services incorporated into it.
Therefore, security risk assessment must be considered by examining security threats
and their mitigation mechanisms before and after their integration into 5G network.
The security threats arising on the 5G network can be divided into following two
categories:
1) Security threats arising from earlier generations of mobile networks: since a 5G network will be a heterogenous network, the known threats from legacy mobile network
architecture will be part of 5G network. Therefore, a revised security architecture is
needed to resist and retaliate to such threats;
2) Security threats arising from new technologies to the 5G network: these security
threats should be analyzed and their mitigation mechanisms should be applied to 5G
security architecture [7].
IoT applications can be classified into two categories:
1) Monitoring based IoT applications: these applications collect data from connected
sensors or devices periodically and transmit it to the cloud. Examples include home
automation, patient monitoring and smart metering. These applications also offer
remote monitoring and data analytics;
2) Control‐oriented IoT applications: these applications use the sensor data to control
the connected actuators in real‐time. Examples include self‐driving cars, industrial
robots and remote surgery. Depending on the use case, the latency, reliability and
availability requirements can vary [9].
11.3.1 IoT Devices, Services and Attacks on Them
The demand for IoT connectivity will be increased with 5G, with estimates of up to
46 billion IoT connected devices by 2020 [10], for applications such as smart cities,
smart environment, smart utilities, consumer market, logistics, industry 4.0, smart
agriculture, home automation and ehealth. On the other hand, the Internet of hacked
Things is also on the rise; as we connect more devices, and more value is created from
the data generated, the risk for abuse and security breaches increases. In October 2014,
millions of smart meters in Spain were found to be vulnerable [11]. In February 2015,
2.2 million BMWs were impacted by a bug in ConnectedDrive software, which allowed
remote unlocking of cars [12]. In July 2015, 1.4 million Chryslers had been recalled due
to vulnerability in Uconnect dashboard computers, which allowed hackers to control
dashboard functions, steering, transmission and brakes for Chryslers [13]. Some of the
5G IoT use cases are illustrated in Figure 11.2 [14] and IoT services provided in different
areas, IoT devices used and attacks on such services are described here [15]:
250
devices and sensors to collect and send patient information periodically to a hospital
server or cloud. The devices are sending patient information with low data rate; therefore, with using non‐orthogonal multiple access mechanism, several of these IoT devices
can be squeezed into the same time slot [8].
In addition, it is expected that the total number of mobile connections, including IoT
or machine type communication, reaches several hundred times the world population.
5G would serve many IoT devices across multiple domains, for example, self‐driving
cars, package delivery, medicine, smart grids and home automation. 5G network will be
heterogenous and will have many new technologies and services incorporated into it.
Therefore, security risk assessment must be considered by examining security threats
and their mitigation mechanisms before and after their integration into 5G network.
The security threats arising on the 5G network can be divided into following two
categories:
1) Security threats arising from earlier generations of mobile networks: since a 5G network will be a heterogenous network, the known threats from legacy mobile network
architecture will be part of 5G network. Therefore, a revised security architecture is
needed to resist and retaliate to such threats;
2) Security threats arising from new technologies to the 5G network: these security
threats should be analyzed and their mitigation mechanisms should be applied to 5G
security architecture [7].
IoT applications can be classified into two categories:
1) Monitoring based IoT applications: these applications collect data from connected
sensors or devices periodically and transmit it to the cloud. Examples include home
automation, patient monitoring and smart metering. These applications also offer
remote monitoring and data analytics;
2) Control‐oriented IoT applications: these applications use the sensor data to control
the connected actuators in real‐time. Examples include self‐driving cars, industrial
robots and remote surgery. Depending on the use case, the latency, reliability and
availability requirements can vary [9].
11.3.1 IoT Devices, Services and Attacks on Them
The demand for IoT connectivity will be increased with 5G, with estimates of up to
46 billion IoT connected devices by 2020 [10], for applications such as smart cities,
smart environment, smart utilities, consumer market, logistics, industry 4.0, smart
agriculture, home automation and ehealth. On the other hand, the Internet of hacked
Things is also on the rise; as we connect more devices, and more value is created from
the data generated, the risk for abuse and security breaches increases. In October 2014,
millions of smart meters in Spain were found to be vulnerable [11]. In February 2015,
2.2 million BMWs were impacted by a bug in ConnectedDrive software, which allowed
remote unlocking of cars [12]. In July 2015, 1.4 million Chryslers had been recalled due
to vulnerability in Uconnect dashboard computers, which allowed hackers to control
dashboard functions, steering, transmission and brakes for Chryslers [13]. Some of the
5G IoT use cases are illustrated in Figure 11.2 [14] and IoT services provided in different
areas, IoT devices used and attacks on such services are described here [15]: