Impact of Water Quality
on the Anatomical and Histochemical
Characteristics of Eichhornia Crassipes
D. MadhuBala, J. Narmathasri, V. Priyadarshini, S. Saranya, S. Sneka,
and K. S. TamilSelvi
Abstract Water hyacinth, a worst aquatic weed and also a right candidate for
pollutant removal, was collected from four different locations. Our work aimed to
study the influence of water quality over the anatomical and histochemical features
of water hyacinth from four water bodies. A significant difference in the size of the
plant, size of the different cells in leaf, petiole and root was observed between the
locations. Histochemicals were localized in the hypodermal, cortical and in some
cases, stellar region of parts of water hyacinth. Water quality parameters such as
pH, temperature, chloride and sulphate content of the water samples varied between
locations.
Keywords Eichhornia crassipes · Aquatic weed · Water quality · Anatomical and
histochemical features · Stomata
1 Introduction
Eichhornia crassipes (Pontederiaceae) is a free-floating perennial aquatic herb
growing in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Its common name is Water hyacinth, and
it was often a highly problematic invasive species. The primary factors that influence
the growth of aquatic plants are nutrients, depth of water, bottom type, and water
clarity of the water bodies. These factors vary from lake to lake, and influenced by
many factors, including the surrounding land that contributes water (from rainfall or
groundwater) to the lake. Studies revealed that water hyacinth could grow prolific
in wastewater and can efficiently accumulate heavy metals (Yahya 1990; Vesk et al.
1999; Ali and Soltan 1999; Soltan and Rashed 2003). The objectives of the current
investigation were to analyze the anatomical features, stomatal variations, histochemical and to evaluate the influence of water quality over anatomical and histochemical
characteristics of E. crassipes.
D. MadhuBala · J. Narmathasri · V. Priyadarshini · S. Saranya · S. Sneka · K. S. TamilSelvi (B)
Department of Botany, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
641004, India
e-mail: tamilselviks@psgrkcw.ac.in
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. Prashanthi et al. (eds.), Bioremediation and Green Technologies, Environmental
Science and Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64122-1_1
3
on the Anatomical and Histochemical
Characteristics of Eichhornia Crassipes
D. MadhuBala, J. Narmathasri, V. Priyadarshini, S. Saranya, S. Sneka,
and K. S. TamilSelvi
Abstract Water hyacinth, a worst aquatic weed and also a right candidate for
pollutant removal, was collected from four different locations. Our work aimed to
study the influence of water quality over the anatomical and histochemical features
of water hyacinth from four water bodies. A significant difference in the size of the
plant, size of the different cells in leaf, petiole and root was observed between the
locations. Histochemicals were localized in the hypodermal, cortical and in some
cases, stellar region of parts of water hyacinth. Water quality parameters such as
pH, temperature, chloride and sulphate content of the water samples varied between
locations.
Keywords Eichhornia crassipes · Aquatic weed · Water quality · Anatomical and
histochemical features · Stomata
1 Introduction
Eichhornia crassipes (Pontederiaceae) is a free-floating perennial aquatic herb
growing in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Its common name is Water hyacinth, and
it was often a highly problematic invasive species. The primary factors that influence
the growth of aquatic plants are nutrients, depth of water, bottom type, and water
clarity of the water bodies. These factors vary from lake to lake, and influenced by
many factors, including the surrounding land that contributes water (from rainfall or
groundwater) to the lake. Studies revealed that water hyacinth could grow prolific
in wastewater and can efficiently accumulate heavy metals (Yahya 1990; Vesk et al.
1999; Ali and Soltan 1999; Soltan and Rashed 2003). The objectives of the current
investigation were to analyze the anatomical features, stomatal variations, histochemical and to evaluate the influence of water quality over anatomical and histochemical
characteristics of E. crassipes.
D. MadhuBala · J. Narmathasri · V. Priyadarshini · S. Saranya · S. Sneka · K. S. TamilSelvi (B)
Department of Botany, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
641004, India
e-mail: tamilselviks@psgrkcw.ac.in
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. Prashanthi et al. (eds.), Bioremediation and Green Technologies, Environmental
Science and Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64122-1_1
3