Chapter 10
Review on Trends in the Removal
of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care
Products (PPCPs) from Water
and Wastewater
Suvendu Manna, Uttariya Roy, Anirban Biswas, Shubhalakshmi Sengupta,
Piyali Basak, and Papita Das
10.1 Introduction
Residual personal care product and pharmaceuticals are becoming one of the most
emerging threats to human civilizations. These types of pollutants slowly change
the ecological balance of environment. In addition, excessive pharmaceuticals in
the environment could change the antibiotic sensitivity of microbes. It is reported
that more than 3000 types of compounds and their derivatives are being used in the
preparation of drugs that include antibiotics, analgesics, beta-blockers, contraceptives, tranquilizers, lipid regulators, and medicines for impotence (Siegrist and Joss
2004). Simultaneously, thousand different types of chemical agents are being used
to prepare personal care products for skin, hair, and teeth (Daughton and Ternes
1999). It has been reported that currently over 6 million of PPCPs are commercially
available worldwide. In addition, pharmaceutical use is raising 3–4% by weight in
every year (Daughton 2004). In an investigation undertaken in North America, it was
found that 80% of river in the USA are contaminated with PPCPs (Onesios et al.
2009). Moreover, this study pointed that drinking water in cities also found to be
S. Manna · U. Roy · A. Biswas (B) · S. Sengupta · P. Das
Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
e-mail: anirbanbsws@yahoo.co.in
S. Manna · P. Basak
School of Bioscience and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
S. Manna
Department of Health Safety and Environment, School of Engineering, University of Petrolium
and Energy Studies, Dehradoon 248007, Uttarakhand, India
A. Biswas
School of Public Health, AIPH University, Bhubaneswar 752101, Odisha, India
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
M. Kumar et al. (eds.), Contaminants in Drinking and Wastewater Sources,
Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4599-3_10
225
Review on Trends in the Removal
of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care
Products (PPCPs) from Water
and Wastewater
Suvendu Manna, Uttariya Roy, Anirban Biswas, Shubhalakshmi Sengupta,
Piyali Basak, and Papita Das
10.1 Introduction
Residual personal care product and pharmaceuticals are becoming one of the most
emerging threats to human civilizations. These types of pollutants slowly change
the ecological balance of environment. In addition, excessive pharmaceuticals in
the environment could change the antibiotic sensitivity of microbes. It is reported
that more than 3000 types of compounds and their derivatives are being used in the
preparation of drugs that include antibiotics, analgesics, beta-blockers, contraceptives, tranquilizers, lipid regulators, and medicines for impotence (Siegrist and Joss
2004). Simultaneously, thousand different types of chemical agents are being used
to prepare personal care products for skin, hair, and teeth (Daughton and Ternes
1999). It has been reported that currently over 6 million of PPCPs are commercially
available worldwide. In addition, pharmaceutical use is raising 3–4% by weight in
every year (Daughton 2004). In an investigation undertaken in North America, it was
found that 80% of river in the USA are contaminated with PPCPs (Onesios et al.
2009). Moreover, this study pointed that drinking water in cities also found to be
S. Manna · U. Roy · A. Biswas (B) · S. Sengupta · P. Das
Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
e-mail: anirbanbsws@yahoo.co.in
S. Manna · P. Basak
School of Bioscience and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
S. Manna
Department of Health Safety and Environment, School of Engineering, University of Petrolium
and Energy Studies, Dehradoon 248007, Uttarakhand, India
A. Biswas
School of Public Health, AIPH University, Bhubaneswar 752101, Odisha, India
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
M. Kumar et al. (eds.), Contaminants in Drinking and Wastewater Sources,
Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4599-3_10
225