256
S. Rogga
Internal
dimension
External
dimension
ImplementaƟon
Transfer
Measures for reciprocal
knowledge exchange,
tesƟng of soluƟons within
project boundaries
Processes of reciprocal
knowledge exchange,
social learning
Strategic
transformaƟon
planning,
applicaƟon of
research results
(Ex-post)
transfer
to pracƟce
Processes of
communicaƟon,
collaboraƟon and
parƟcipaƟon with the
project environment
Fig. 13.1 Multidimensionality and causal links between T&I in transdisciplinary projects (own
source)
Research Project
Sciensts
Prac
Real-World Research Se
Stakeholders
Fig. 13.2 Basic model of a transdisciplinary research project and its boundary (own source)
project members. In externally funded projects, project partners are often contractbound and, thus, form the boundary of a project by the receipt of grants (as opposed
to non-grantees).
2
Either way, successful research activities, outputs and outcomes in those kinds of
institutional arrangements cannot be taken for granted (Newig et al. 2019) as they
2 In reality, however, project boundaries cannot be drawn in such a clear-cut way because project
partners may also be bound simply by cooperation agreement without the awarding of grants.