11 Real-World Laboratories Initiated by Practitioner …
215
Table 11.1 (continued)
Core characteristics Real-world laboratories
…
Anhalt real-world
laboratory as a whole
Urban laboratories in
the project “The
re-productive town”
Civil society
orientation,
participation 3
… integrate citizens
and/or civil society in
particular as strong
partners and
decision-makers into
their work from the
beginning
… embrace
participation, from
information and
consultation to
cooperation and
empowerment, and
develop their
transdisciplinary
experiments in
co-design 1
✓
But opposite direction
of activity: drive comes
from civil society,
which involves science
✓
But opposite direction
of activity: drive comes
from civil society,
which involves science
Long-term
nature
… are long-term
research facilities
spanning (many)
decades 1
✓
–
Laboratory
character
… are laboratories.
They are a
transdisciplinary
infrastructure in order
to ensure the best and
most stable conditions
possible for
experimental research
and observation in
complex real-world
contexts 2
✓
✓
Continuous
reflection and
learning
process 4
Research in real-world
laboratories is devised
and understood as a
continuous reflection
and learning process
with regard to one’s
own research practice
and social effect
✓
✓
1 Own translation of Parodi et al. (2016: 16)
2 Own translation of Parodi et al. (2016: 16f)
3 Own addition to description of characteristics
4 Own addition based on Schäpke et al. (2017: 5), Schneidewind and Singer-Brodowski (2015)