ISSN 2191-5547
ISSN 2191-5555 (electronic)
SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science
ISBN 978-3-030-63508-4
ISBN 978-3-030-63509-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63509-1
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of
the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,
broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information
storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology
now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication
does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book
are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the
editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any
errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional
claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Eldiiar Duulatov
Institute of Geology
National Academy of Sciences of the
Kyrgyz Republic
Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Xi Chen
State Key Laboratory of Desert & Oasis
Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and
Geography
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
Gulnura Issanova
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Almaty, Kazakhstan
Rustam Orozbaev
Institute of Geology
National Academy of Sciences of the
Kyrgyz Republic
Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Yerbolat Mukanov
Department of Agro-meteorological
Monitoring and Forecasting
RSE Kazhydromet
Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Amobichukwu C. Amanambu
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Rivers
(STAR) Lab, Department of Geography
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL, USA
ISSN 2191-5555 (electronic)
SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science
ISBN 978-3-030-63508-4
ISBN 978-3-030-63509-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63509-1
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of
the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,
broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information
storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology
now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication
does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book
are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the
editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any
errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional
claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Eldiiar Duulatov
Institute of Geology
National Academy of Sciences of the
Kyrgyz Republic
Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Xi Chen
State Key Laboratory of Desert & Oasis
Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and
Geography
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
Gulnura Issanova
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Almaty, Kazakhstan
Rustam Orozbaev
Institute of Geology
National Academy of Sciences of the
Kyrgyz Republic
Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Yerbolat Mukanov
Department of Agro-meteorological
Monitoring and Forecasting
RSE Kazhydromet
Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Amobichukwu C. Amanambu
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Rivers
(STAR) Lab, Department of Geography
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL, USA