Karunakaran C, Gomathisankar P, Manikandan G (2010) Preparation and characterization of
antimicrobial Ce-doped ZnO nanoparticles for photocatalytic detoxification of cyanide. Mater
Chem Phys 123:585–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2010.05.019
Kavitha T, Gopalan AI, Lee K-P, Park S-Y (2012) Glucose sensing, photocatalytic and antibacterial
properties of graphene–ZnO nanoparticle hybrids. Carbon 50:2994–3000. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.carbon.2012.02.082
Khalil A, Gondal MA, Dastageer MA (2011) Augmented photocatalytic activity of palladium
incorporated ZnO nanoparticles in the disinfection of Escherichia coli microorganism from
water. Appl Catal A Gen 402:162–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2011.05.041
Khraisheh M, Wu L, Al-Muhtaseb AH, Al-Ghouti MA (2015) Photocatalytic disinfection of
Escherichia coli using TiO 2 P25 and Cu-doped TiO 2 . J Ind Eng Chem 28:369–376. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2015.02.023
Kiwi J, Nadtochenko V (2005) Evidence for the mechanism of Photocatalytic degradation of the
bacterial wall membrane at the TiO 2 Interface by ATR-FTIR and laser kinetic spectroscopy.
Langmuir 21:4631–4641. https://doi.org/10.1021/la046983l
Koli VB, Dhodamani AG, Raut AV, Thorat ND, Pawar SH, Delekar SD (2016) Visible light photoinduced antibacterial activity of TiO 2 -MWCNTs nanocomposites with varying the contents of
MWCNTs. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 328:50–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.
2016.05.016
Kramer A, Schwebke I, Kampf G (2006) How long do nosocomial pathogens persist on inanimate
surfaces? A systematic review. BMC Infect Dis 6:130. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-6130
Kuang W et al (2019) Antibacterial nanorods made of carbon quantum dots-ZnO under visible light
irradiation. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 19:3982–3990. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.16320
Kumar R, Anandan S, Hembram K, Narasinga Rao T (2014) Efficient ZnO-based visible-lightdriven Photocatalyst for antibacterial applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6:13138–13148.
https://doi.org/10.1021/am502915v
Lam S-M, Quek J-A, Sin J-C (2018) Mechanistic investigation of visible light responsive Ag/ZnO
micro/nanoflowers for enhanced photocatalytic performance and antibacterial activity. J
Photochem Photobiol A Chem 353:171–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.11.
021
Laxma Reddy PV, Kavitha B, Kumar Reddy PA, Kim K-H (2017) TiO 2 -based photocatalytic
disinfection of microbes in aqueous media: a review. Environ Res 154:296–303. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.envres.2017.01.018
Lee JH et al (2004) The preparation of TiO 2 nanometer photocatalyst film by a hydrothermal
method and its sterilization performance for Giardia lamblia. Water Res 38:713–719. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.011
Lefatshe K, Muiva CM, Kebaabetswe LP (2017) Extraction of nanocellulose and in-situ casting of
ZnO/cellulose nanocomposite with enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activity.
Carbohydr Polym 164:301–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.020
Li B, Cao H (2011) ZnO@graphene composite with enhanced performance for the removal of dye
from water. J Mater Chem 21:3346–3349. https://doi.org/10.1039/C0JM03253K
Li Q, Mahendra S, Lyon DY, Brunet L, Liga MV, Li D, Alvarez PJJ (2008) Antimicrobial
nanomaterials for water disinfection and microbial control: potential applications and implications. Water Res 42:4591–4602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.08.015
Li X, Xing Y, Jiang Y, Ding Y, Li W (2009) Antimicrobial activities of ZnO powder-coated PVC
film to inactivate food pathogens. Int J Food Sci Technol 44:2161–2168. https://doi.org/10.
1111/j.1365-2621.2009.02055.x
Li J, Liu X, Qiao Y, Zhu H, Ding C (2014) Antimicrobial activity and cytocompatibility of Ag
plasma-modified hierarchical TiO 2 film on titanium surface. Colloids Surf B: Biointerfaces
113:134–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.08.030
58
R. P. Antony et al.
antimicrobial Ce-doped ZnO nanoparticles for photocatalytic detoxification of cyanide. Mater
Chem Phys 123:585–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2010.05.019
Kavitha T, Gopalan AI, Lee K-P, Park S-Y (2012) Glucose sensing, photocatalytic and antibacterial
properties of graphene–ZnO nanoparticle hybrids. Carbon 50:2994–3000. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.carbon.2012.02.082
Khalil A, Gondal MA, Dastageer MA (2011) Augmented photocatalytic activity of palladium
incorporated ZnO nanoparticles in the disinfection of Escherichia coli microorganism from
water. Appl Catal A Gen 402:162–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2011.05.041
Khraisheh M, Wu L, Al-Muhtaseb AH, Al-Ghouti MA (2015) Photocatalytic disinfection of
Escherichia coli using TiO 2 P25 and Cu-doped TiO 2 . J Ind Eng Chem 28:369–376. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2015.02.023
Kiwi J, Nadtochenko V (2005) Evidence for the mechanism of Photocatalytic degradation of the
bacterial wall membrane at the TiO 2 Interface by ATR-FTIR and laser kinetic spectroscopy.
Langmuir 21:4631–4641. https://doi.org/10.1021/la046983l
Koli VB, Dhodamani AG, Raut AV, Thorat ND, Pawar SH, Delekar SD (2016) Visible light photoinduced antibacterial activity of TiO 2 -MWCNTs nanocomposites with varying the contents of
MWCNTs. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 328:50–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.
2016.05.016
Kramer A, Schwebke I, Kampf G (2006) How long do nosocomial pathogens persist on inanimate
surfaces? A systematic review. BMC Infect Dis 6:130. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-6130
Kuang W et al (2019) Antibacterial nanorods made of carbon quantum dots-ZnO under visible light
irradiation. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 19:3982–3990. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.16320
Kumar R, Anandan S, Hembram K, Narasinga Rao T (2014) Efficient ZnO-based visible-lightdriven Photocatalyst for antibacterial applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6:13138–13148.
https://doi.org/10.1021/am502915v
Lam S-M, Quek J-A, Sin J-C (2018) Mechanistic investigation of visible light responsive Ag/ZnO
micro/nanoflowers for enhanced photocatalytic performance and antibacterial activity. J
Photochem Photobiol A Chem 353:171–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.11.
021
Laxma Reddy PV, Kavitha B, Kumar Reddy PA, Kim K-H (2017) TiO 2 -based photocatalytic
disinfection of microbes in aqueous media: a review. Environ Res 154:296–303. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.envres.2017.01.018
Lee JH et al (2004) The preparation of TiO 2 nanometer photocatalyst film by a hydrothermal
method and its sterilization performance for Giardia lamblia. Water Res 38:713–719. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.011
Lefatshe K, Muiva CM, Kebaabetswe LP (2017) Extraction of nanocellulose and in-situ casting of
ZnO/cellulose nanocomposite with enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activity.
Carbohydr Polym 164:301–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.020
Li B, Cao H (2011) ZnO@graphene composite with enhanced performance for the removal of dye
from water. J Mater Chem 21:3346–3349. https://doi.org/10.1039/C0JM03253K
Li Q, Mahendra S, Lyon DY, Brunet L, Liga MV, Li D, Alvarez PJJ (2008) Antimicrobial
nanomaterials for water disinfection and microbial control: potential applications and implications. Water Res 42:4591–4602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.08.015
Li X, Xing Y, Jiang Y, Ding Y, Li W (2009) Antimicrobial activities of ZnO powder-coated PVC
film to inactivate food pathogens. Int J Food Sci Technol 44:2161–2168. https://doi.org/10.
1111/j.1365-2621.2009.02055.x
Li J, Liu X, Qiao Y, Zhu H, Ding C (2014) Antimicrobial activity and cytocompatibility of Ag
plasma-modified hierarchical TiO 2 film on titanium surface. Colloids Surf B: Biointerfaces
113:134–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.08.030
58
R. P. Antony et al.