and the adsorption capacity of the nanofibers were found to increase with reduction
in the fiber diameter. Palanisamy et al. (2013) reported the use of flaxseed and olive
oil stabilized nanoparticles of iron oxide for removal of Cr, Ni and Cu ions from
aqueous solutions. Mesoporous Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles functionalized by amine
showed very high adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions (Xin et al. 2012).
From Langmuir isotherm model, the maximum adsorption capacity was found to be
523.6 mgg
À1 , 446.4 mgg
À1 and 369.0 mgg
À1 , respectively for Cu, Cd and Pb ions.
The adsorbent also showed a removal efficiency of >98% for all the polluting ions.
Magnetite was composited with reduced graphene oxide by Chandra et al. (2010)
to remove As(V) and As(III) anions from aqueous solution. Use of reduced graphene
oxide support resulted in minimizing the magnetite aggregates, leading to high
dispersion of nanoparticles of magnetite. This, in turn, increased the number of
adsorption sites in the nanocomposites, leading to enhanced capacity of binding with
the contaminating metal ions. As a result, almost 100% removal of arsenic by the
magnetite/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite was observed. Also, the magnetic
Fig. 1.4 Scanning electron (a and b) and transmission electron (c and d) micrographs of the
synthesized amorphous MnO 2 -coated magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles, exhibiting hierarchical coreshell nanocomposite three-dimension flower-like structure. (Reprinted with permission from Kim
et al. (2013). © 2013 American Chemical Society)
1 Metal Oxides as Decontaminants of Water and Wastewater
9
in the fiber diameter. Palanisamy et al. (2013) reported the use of flaxseed and olive
oil stabilized nanoparticles of iron oxide for removal of Cr, Ni and Cu ions from
aqueous solutions. Mesoporous Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles functionalized by amine
showed very high adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions (Xin et al. 2012).
From Langmuir isotherm model, the maximum adsorption capacity was found to be
523.6 mgg
À1 , 446.4 mgg
À1 and 369.0 mgg
À1 , respectively for Cu, Cd and Pb ions.
The adsorbent also showed a removal efficiency of >98% for all the polluting ions.
Magnetite was composited with reduced graphene oxide by Chandra et al. (2010)
to remove As(V) and As(III) anions from aqueous solution. Use of reduced graphene
oxide support resulted in minimizing the magnetite aggregates, leading to high
dispersion of nanoparticles of magnetite. This, in turn, increased the number of
adsorption sites in the nanocomposites, leading to enhanced capacity of binding with
the contaminating metal ions. As a result, almost 100% removal of arsenic by the
magnetite/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite was observed. Also, the magnetic
Fig. 1.4 Scanning electron (a and b) and transmission electron (c and d) micrographs of the
synthesized amorphous MnO 2 -coated magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles, exhibiting hierarchical coreshell nanocomposite three-dimension flower-like structure. (Reprinted with permission from Kim
et al. (2013). © 2013 American Chemical Society)
1 Metal Oxides as Decontaminants of Water and Wastewater
9