Biotransformation: Basics and Applied
Perspectives
16
M. H. Yashavarddhan, Sania Bajaj, Sandeep Kumar Shukla,
and Arpana Vibhuti
Abstract
Biotransformation is integral part of a living system. The system is built upon
materials which are absorbed and transformed into the organic and inorganic
building blocks and the unwanted or/and toxic materials are transformed and
eliminated out of the system. These biotransformations are a part of multistep
process containing specific enzymes and reactions catalyzed by them. Further
these reactions and transformations are governed by biological factors,
physiochemical properties, etc. of the system and materials which are taken in.
Therefore, biotransformations can be used as technical strategy for pollution
abatement, production of pharmaceutics, compounds especially for chemical
and agricultural industry, etc. The current chapter delineates different phases of
biotransformation process, the enzymes and their applications in industry and
briefly sums up the current status of available research.
16.1 Introduction
The process by which a xenobiotic compound is transformed from one form to
another within the living body is called biotransformation. This process can be
completed by the involvement of an enzyme or multiple enzymes and/or organisms
such as fungi, bacteria, etc.
M. H. Yashavarddhan
Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development
Organisation, Delhi, India
S. Bajaj · S. K. Shukla
Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development
Organisation, Delhi, India
A. Vibhuti (*)
SRM University Delhi-NCR, Sonepat, Haryana, India
# Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
A. Singh et al. (eds.), Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7493-1_16
337
Perspectives
16
M. H. Yashavarddhan, Sania Bajaj, Sandeep Kumar Shukla,
and Arpana Vibhuti
Abstract
Biotransformation is integral part of a living system. The system is built upon
materials which are absorbed and transformed into the organic and inorganic
building blocks and the unwanted or/and toxic materials are transformed and
eliminated out of the system. These biotransformations are a part of multistep
process containing specific enzymes and reactions catalyzed by them. Further
these reactions and transformations are governed by biological factors,
physiochemical properties, etc. of the system and materials which are taken in.
Therefore, biotransformations can be used as technical strategy for pollution
abatement, production of pharmaceutics, compounds especially for chemical
and agricultural industry, etc. The current chapter delineates different phases of
biotransformation process, the enzymes and their applications in industry and
briefly sums up the current status of available research.
16.1 Introduction
The process by which a xenobiotic compound is transformed from one form to
another within the living body is called biotransformation. This process can be
completed by the involvement of an enzyme or multiple enzymes and/or organisms
such as fungi, bacteria, etc.
M. H. Yashavarddhan
Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development
Organisation, Delhi, India
S. Bajaj · S. K. Shukla
Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development
Organisation, Delhi, India
A. Vibhuti (*)
SRM University Delhi-NCR, Sonepat, Haryana, India
# Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
A. Singh et al. (eds.), Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7493-1_16
337