270
Hydraulic fracturing (Cont)
impacts, 7
integrity problems, 3
methane gas, 2
needed materials, 24
next stage production, 30
O&G industry, 2–4
oil and gas recovery, 1
operations, 24
opposition, 1
patent, 18
petroleum, 3
preparation and cleanout, 28
proponents, 2
reportable incidents, 3
reservoir stimulation, 18
risk perception, 8–11
stage isolation, 30
Hydraulic fracturing fluids, 133, 138
Hydraulic fracturing process, 144–145
Hydrocarbons, 2, 3, 17, 208
Hydrochemical, 104
Hydrogen economy, 207
Hydrogen gas, 207
Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), 84, 115, 194
I
Ice ages, 165, 171
Ice dams, 158
Illumination oil, 46, 53
Impoundments, 144
Independents, 57
Induced seismicity, 188
Bowland Shale, 133
contaminated saltwater, 132
degree of stress, 132
Denver, 131
earthquakes, 131
EOR treatment, 132
fracked events, 133
fracking, 131
frequency, 132
hydraulic fracturing, 133, 134
injected wastewater, 131
natural, 131
Oklahoma, 131, 132
pore pressure, 131
Preese Hall, 133
RIS, 132
shale, 133
size, 133
source, 131
The British Geological Survey, 133
tremor, 134
triggered events, 133
United Kingdom, 133
Industrial chemicals, 104
Industrial Revolution, 175, 203, 249
Industry and government indifference, 5
Infrared (IR) radiation, 164
Initial Production (IP), 57
The Institute of Medicine (IOM), 141
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC), 166
Intermediate casing, 25
Intermittent technologies, 219
International Agency for Cancer Research
(IARC), 81
International exploration, 63
Interstate gas transmission pipelines, 125
Invasive species, 146, 147
Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 64
Israeli Defense Forces (IDF), 64
Italian multinational company Eni S.p.A., and
ConocoPhillips, 57
J
Jack-ups platforms, 123
K
Karg Well, 48
Kerosene, 40
Kier Refinery, 41
Kier’s Genuine Petroleum/Rock Oil, 39
Krypton gas, 228
L
Laboratory permeability
measurements, 30
Land rigs, 123
Landscape impacts, 125
Landscapes effects
industrialized, 121
shale gas development, 121
Land use types, 148
Lash-brow-ine, 47
Late Mississippian Barnett Shale, 75
Leak-off, 28
Leaks and spills, 93, 106
Light tight oil (LTO), 72
Limestone, 216
Linkages, 85
Index
Hydraulic fracturing (Cont)
impacts, 7
integrity problems, 3
methane gas, 2
needed materials, 24
next stage production, 30
O&G industry, 2–4
oil and gas recovery, 1
operations, 24
opposition, 1
patent, 18
petroleum, 3
preparation and cleanout, 28
proponents, 2
reportable incidents, 3
reservoir stimulation, 18
risk perception, 8–11
stage isolation, 30
Hydraulic fracturing fluids, 133, 138
Hydraulic fracturing process, 144–145
Hydrocarbons, 2, 3, 17, 208
Hydrochemical, 104
Hydrogen economy, 207
Hydrogen gas, 207
Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), 84, 115, 194
I
Ice ages, 165, 171
Ice dams, 158
Illumination oil, 46, 53
Impoundments, 144
Independents, 57
Induced seismicity, 188
Bowland Shale, 133
contaminated saltwater, 132
degree of stress, 132
Denver, 131
earthquakes, 131
EOR treatment, 132
fracked events, 133
fracking, 131
frequency, 132
hydraulic fracturing, 133, 134
injected wastewater, 131
natural, 131
Oklahoma, 131, 132
pore pressure, 131
Preese Hall, 133
RIS, 132
shale, 133
size, 133
source, 131
The British Geological Survey, 133
tremor, 134
triggered events, 133
United Kingdom, 133
Industrial chemicals, 104
Industrial Revolution, 175, 203, 249
Industry and government indifference, 5
Infrared (IR) radiation, 164
Initial Production (IP), 57
The Institute of Medicine (IOM), 141
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC), 166
Intermediate casing, 25
Intermittent technologies, 219
International Agency for Cancer Research
(IARC), 81
International exploration, 63
Interstate gas transmission pipelines, 125
Invasive species, 146, 147
Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 64
Israeli Defense Forces (IDF), 64
Italian multinational company Eni S.p.A., and
ConocoPhillips, 57
J
Jack-ups platforms, 123
K
Karg Well, 48
Kerosene, 40
Kier Refinery, 41
Kier’s Genuine Petroleum/Rock Oil, 39
Krypton gas, 228
L
Laboratory permeability
measurements, 30
Land rigs, 123
Landscape impacts, 125
Landscapes effects
industrialized, 121
shale gas development, 121
Land use types, 148
Lash-brow-ine, 47
Late Mississippian Barnett Shale, 75
Leak-off, 28
Leaks and spills, 93, 106
Light tight oil (LTO), 72
Limestone, 216
Linkages, 85
Index