Van den Bergh JCJM, Grazi F (2015) Reply to the first systematic response by the Global Footprint
Network to criticism: a real debate finally? Ecol Indic 58:458–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
ecolind.2015.05.007
Van den Bergh JCJM, Verbruggen H (1999) Spatial sustainability, trade and indicators: an
evaluation of the ‘ecological footprint’. Ecol Econ 29(1):61–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S0921-8009(99)00032-4
Van Vuuren DP, Smeets EMW (2000) Ecological footprints of Benin, Bhutan, Costa Rica and the
Netherlands. Ecol Econ 34(1):115–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(00)00155-5
Vasseur L, Horning D, Thornbush M, Cohen-Shacham E, Andrade A, Barrow E, Edwards SR,
Wit P, Jones M (2017) Complex problems and unchallenged solutions: bringing ecosystem
governance to the forefront of the UN sustainable development goals. Ambio 46(7):731–742.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-017-0918-6
Venetoulis J, Talberth J (2008) Refining the ecological footprint. Environ Dev Sustain 10
(4):441–469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-006-9074-z
Virapongse A, Brooks S, Metcalf EC, Zedalis M, Gosz J, Kliskey A, Alessa L (2016) A socialecological systems approach for environmental management. J Environ Manag 178:83–91.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.02.028
Wackernagel M (1998) The ecological footprint of Santiago de Chile. Local Environ 3(1):7–25.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839808725541
Wackernagel M (2014) Comment on “Ecological Footprint policy? Land use as an environmental
indicator”. J Ind Ecol 18(1):20–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12094
Wackernagel M (2019) Ecological footprint accounting and its critics. GreenBiz. https://www.
greenbiz.com/article/ecological-footprint-accounting-and-its-critics
Wackernagel M, Rees W (1996) Our Ecological Footprint: reducing human impact on the Earth.
New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island
Wackernagel M, Yount JD (2000) Footprints for sustainability: the next steps. Environ Dev Sustain
2:21–42. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010050700699
Wackernagel M, Onisto L, Bello P, Linares AC, Falfán ISL, Garcı a JM, Guerrero AIS, Guerrero
MGS (1999) National natural capital accounting with the ecological footprint concept. Ecol
Econ 29(3):375–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(98)90063-5
Wackernagel M, Schulz NB, Deumling D, Linares AC, Jenkins M, Kapos V, Monfreda C, Loh J,
Myers N, Norgaard R, Randers J (2002) Tracking the ecological overshoot of the human
economy. PNAS 99(14):9266–9271. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.142033699
Wackernagel M, Monfreda C, Erb K-H, Haberl H, Schulz NB (2004a) Ecological footprint time
series of Austria, the Philippines, and South Korea for 1961–1999: comparing the conventional
approach to an ‘actual land area’ approach. Land Use Policy 21(3):261–269. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.landusepol.2003.10.007
Wackernagel M, Monfreda C, Schulz NB, Erb K-H, Haberl H, Krausmann F (2004b) Calculating
national and global Ecological Footprint time series: resolving conceptual challenges. Land Use
Policy 21(3):271–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2003.10.006
Wackernagel M, Kitzes J, Moran D, Goldfinger S, Thomas M (2006) The Ecological Footprint of
cities and regions: comparing resource availability with resource demand. Environ Urban 18
(1):103–112. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956247806063978
Wackernagel M, Wermer P, Goldfinger S (2007) Introduction to the Ecological Footprint: underlying research question and current calculation strategy. In: Internet encyclopaedia of ecological
economics, pp 1–10. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/239582741_Introduction_to_
the_Ecological_Footprint_Underlying_Research_Question_and_Current_Calculation_Strat
egy_Entry_prepared_for_the_Internet_Encyclopaedia_of_Ecological_Economics
Wackernagel M, Lin D, Evans M, Hanscom L, Raven P (2019) Defying the Footprint oracle:
implications of country resource trends. Sustainability 11(7):2164. https://doi.org/10.3390/
su11072164
Wiedmann T, Barrett J (2010) A review of the Ecological Footprint indicator – perceptions and
methods. Sustainability 2(6):1645–1693. https://doi.org/10.3390/su2061645
28
1 Introduction
Network to criticism: a real debate finally? Ecol Indic 58:458–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
ecolind.2015.05.007
Van den Bergh JCJM, Verbruggen H (1999) Spatial sustainability, trade and indicators: an
evaluation of the ‘ecological footprint’. Ecol Econ 29(1):61–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S0921-8009(99)00032-4
Van Vuuren DP, Smeets EMW (2000) Ecological footprints of Benin, Bhutan, Costa Rica and the
Netherlands. Ecol Econ 34(1):115–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(00)00155-5
Vasseur L, Horning D, Thornbush M, Cohen-Shacham E, Andrade A, Barrow E, Edwards SR,
Wit P, Jones M (2017) Complex problems and unchallenged solutions: bringing ecosystem
governance to the forefront of the UN sustainable development goals. Ambio 46(7):731–742.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-017-0918-6
Venetoulis J, Talberth J (2008) Refining the ecological footprint. Environ Dev Sustain 10
(4):441–469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-006-9074-z
Virapongse A, Brooks S, Metcalf EC, Zedalis M, Gosz J, Kliskey A, Alessa L (2016) A socialecological systems approach for environmental management. J Environ Manag 178:83–91.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.02.028
Wackernagel M (1998) The ecological footprint of Santiago de Chile. Local Environ 3(1):7–25.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839808725541
Wackernagel M (2014) Comment on “Ecological Footprint policy? Land use as an environmental
indicator”. J Ind Ecol 18(1):20–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12094
Wackernagel M (2019) Ecological footprint accounting and its critics. GreenBiz. https://www.
greenbiz.com/article/ecological-footprint-accounting-and-its-critics
Wackernagel M, Rees W (1996) Our Ecological Footprint: reducing human impact on the Earth.
New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island
Wackernagel M, Yount JD (2000) Footprints for sustainability: the next steps. Environ Dev Sustain
2:21–42. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010050700699
Wackernagel M, Onisto L, Bello P, Linares AC, Falfán ISL, Garcı a JM, Guerrero AIS, Guerrero
MGS (1999) National natural capital accounting with the ecological footprint concept. Ecol
Econ 29(3):375–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(98)90063-5
Wackernagel M, Schulz NB, Deumling D, Linares AC, Jenkins M, Kapos V, Monfreda C, Loh J,
Myers N, Norgaard R, Randers J (2002) Tracking the ecological overshoot of the human
economy. PNAS 99(14):9266–9271. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.142033699
Wackernagel M, Monfreda C, Erb K-H, Haberl H, Schulz NB (2004a) Ecological footprint time
series of Austria, the Philippines, and South Korea for 1961–1999: comparing the conventional
approach to an ‘actual land area’ approach. Land Use Policy 21(3):261–269. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.landusepol.2003.10.007
Wackernagel M, Monfreda C, Schulz NB, Erb K-H, Haberl H, Krausmann F (2004b) Calculating
national and global Ecological Footprint time series: resolving conceptual challenges. Land Use
Policy 21(3):271–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2003.10.006
Wackernagel M, Kitzes J, Moran D, Goldfinger S, Thomas M (2006) The Ecological Footprint of
cities and regions: comparing resource availability with resource demand. Environ Urban 18
(1):103–112. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956247806063978
Wackernagel M, Wermer P, Goldfinger S (2007) Introduction to the Ecological Footprint: underlying research question and current calculation strategy. In: Internet encyclopaedia of ecological
economics, pp 1–10. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/239582741_Introduction_to_
the_Ecological_Footprint_Underlying_Research_Question_and_Current_Calculation_Strat
egy_Entry_prepared_for_the_Internet_Encyclopaedia_of_Ecological_Economics
Wackernagel M, Lin D, Evans M, Hanscom L, Raven P (2019) Defying the Footprint oracle:
implications of country resource trends. Sustainability 11(7):2164. https://doi.org/10.3390/
su11072164
Wiedmann T, Barrett J (2010) A review of the Ecological Footprint indicator – perceptions and
methods. Sustainability 2(6):1645–1693. https://doi.org/10.3390/su2061645
28
1 Introduction