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S. Turner-Walker et al.
knowledge for adaptation. Interpreting the signs from the surrounding environment,
people in Karst Gunung Kidul adopt ways of living with their environment in a way
to conserve, preserve and maintain sustainability (Retnowati et al. 2014). Incorporation of local knowledge and conceptions for undertaking land management such
as Pranoto Mongso are therefore crucial to determine their norms, values and belief
in regards to their activities, particularly in the area of water and land management and farmers’ responses to climate change or variability. In Karst regions like
Gunung Kidul, timing and crop variety are considered important to adjust within a
given characteristic of the physical setting. By reading the signs for the rainy season,
farmers start to plough and plant seeds known as "awu-awu", even if the rain has
not started yet. In this uncertain period of environmental changes, those who still
practice awu-awu are taking risk of failing cultivation. Other farmers, mostly young
generation farmers, have started to cultivate when the rain falls to avoid the risk
(see Retnowati et al. 2014). For CFS in Gunung Kidul, however, interviews noted
that the only medium used by farmers conveying the knowledge from BMKG, was
television, which released mostly general weather forecasts, and climate information
based on large-scale scientific prediction and evaluation. This information was also
not downscaled to be of use locally by the farmers.
Conclusion
The concepts laid out in this chapter defining adaptation as an ongoing social
process, are shown as key in informing programmatic approaches adaptation that
integrate international climate frameworks through national development planning
into local-level. In the ways that programming engages, is participatory in design, and
incorporates the ongoing nature of social processes into timeframe designs. Adaptive capacity has not been enabled in the timeframes and programatic design of the
two cases taken as examples of national adaptation planning activites in implementation. Neither programme focused on the long-term community agency aspects of
adaptive capacity, as communities did not report engagement in the early conceptions of programme design. The findings show that missed opportunities to engage
fully, those targetted for adaptation activites, have meant that local-level contextual
interpretations, knowledge and ways of responding and adapting to change as an
ongoing process found that in application, programme adaptation activities have
had limited outcomes in the longer-term. The participant experiences and interpretations in the case studies strengthens the assumption that the intervention of
any new ideas to communities (such as climate change information and adaptation
response strategies) requires contextual time framing with both local knowledge and
state policy, that fosters community culture and incorporates community capacity.
Whereas the implementation of activities might result in information and training
being received, longer term uptake and continued engagement of strategies involve
mutually conceived strategies built on local experiences that current national adaptation planning programme design timeframes have been unable to account for and
S. Turner-Walker et al.
knowledge for adaptation. Interpreting the signs from the surrounding environment,
people in Karst Gunung Kidul adopt ways of living with their environment in a way
to conserve, preserve and maintain sustainability (Retnowati et al. 2014). Incorporation of local knowledge and conceptions for undertaking land management such
as Pranoto Mongso are therefore crucial to determine their norms, values and belief
in regards to their activities, particularly in the area of water and land management and farmers’ responses to climate change or variability. In Karst regions like
Gunung Kidul, timing and crop variety are considered important to adjust within a
given characteristic of the physical setting. By reading the signs for the rainy season,
farmers start to plough and plant seeds known as "awu-awu", even if the rain has
not started yet. In this uncertain period of environmental changes, those who still
practice awu-awu are taking risk of failing cultivation. Other farmers, mostly young
generation farmers, have started to cultivate when the rain falls to avoid the risk
(see Retnowati et al. 2014). For CFS in Gunung Kidul, however, interviews noted
that the only medium used by farmers conveying the knowledge from BMKG, was
television, which released mostly general weather forecasts, and climate information
based on large-scale scientific prediction and evaluation. This information was also
not downscaled to be of use locally by the farmers.
Conclusion
The concepts laid out in this chapter defining adaptation as an ongoing social
process, are shown as key in informing programmatic approaches adaptation that
integrate international climate frameworks through national development planning
into local-level. In the ways that programming engages, is participatory in design, and
incorporates the ongoing nature of social processes into timeframe designs. Adaptive capacity has not been enabled in the timeframes and programatic design of the
two cases taken as examples of national adaptation planning activites in implementation. Neither programme focused on the long-term community agency aspects of
adaptive capacity, as communities did not report engagement in the early conceptions of programme design. The findings show that missed opportunities to engage
fully, those targetted for adaptation activites, have meant that local-level contextual
interpretations, knowledge and ways of responding and adapting to change as an
ongoing process found that in application, programme adaptation activities have
had limited outcomes in the longer-term. The participant experiences and interpretations in the case studies strengthens the assumption that the intervention of
any new ideas to communities (such as climate change information and adaptation
response strategies) requires contextual time framing with both local knowledge and
state policy, that fosters community culture and incorporates community capacity.
Whereas the implementation of activities might result in information and training
being received, longer term uptake and continued engagement of strategies involve
mutually conceived strategies built on local experiences that current national adaptation planning programme design timeframes have been unable to account for and