170
M. Kasim
Ferrol-Schulte D, Gorris P, Baitoningsih W, Adhuri DS, Ferse SC (2015) Coastal livelihood vulnerability to marine resource degradation : a review of Indonesia national coastal and marine policy
framework. Mar Policy 52:163–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/Soo25-326X(98)00047-2
Fitt WK, Warner ME (1995) Bleaching patterns of four species of caribbean reef corals. Biol Bull
189(3):298–307
Folke C, Carpenter S, Walker B, Scheffer M, Elmqvist T (2004) Regime shifts, resilience, and
biodiversity in ecosystem management. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 35:557–581. https://doi.org/
10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.35.021103.105711
Gattuso JP, Hoegh-Guldberg O, Pörtner HO (2014) Cross-chapter boxes. Climate change impacts,
adaptation, and vulnerability 97–166. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107415379.005
Gilman EL, Ellison J, Duke NC, Field C (2008) Threats to mangroves from climate change and
adaptation options: a review. Aquat Bot 89:237–250
Gjerde KM, Breide C (2003) Towards a strategy for high seas marine protected areas: proceedings
of the IUCN, WCPA and WWF experts workshop on high seas marine protected areas, 15–17
January 2003, Malaga, Spain. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK
Glynn PW, D’Croz L (1990) Experimental evidence for high temperature stress as the cause of El
Nino-coincident coral mortality. Coral Reefs 8:181–191
Halpern BS, Kimberly A, Selkoe KA, Fiorenza MF, Kappel FC (2007) Evaluating and ranking the
vulnerability of global marine ecosystems to anthropogenic threats. Conserv Biol 21(5):1301–
1315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00752.x
Handayani W, Rudiarto I, Setyono JS, Chigbu UE, Sukmawati AM (2017) Vulnerability assessment:
A comparison of three different city sizes in the coastal area of Central Java, Indonesia. Adv Clim
Change Res. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2017.11.002
Hasanah AN, Rukminasari N, Yunus B, Yanuarita D, Jompa J, Suharto, Inaku DF (2018) The effect
of temperature on zooxanthellae of isopora palifera and acropora hyacinthus from karanrang
island, Indonesia, SPERMONDE 4(1):7–11
Higuchi T, Fujimura H, Hitomi Y, Arakaki T, Oomori T, Suzuki Y (2010) Photochemichal formation
of hydroxyl radicals in tissue extracts of the coral Galaxea fascicularis. Photochem Photobiol
86:1421–1426
Hizza EL (2013) Coping and adaptation strategies to climate change impacts: the case of rural
community in Vuga village-Lushoto district, MUCCoBS Working Paper Series, Moshi University
College of Cooperative and Business Studies
Hoegh-Guldberg O (2011) Coral reef ecosystems and anthropogenic climate change. Reg Environ
Change 11:215–227
Hoegh-Guldberg O, Smith GJ (1989) The effect of sudden changes in temperature, light and salinity
on the population density and export of zooxanthellae from the reef corals Stylophora pistillata
Esper and Seriatopora hystrix Dana. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 129:279–303
Hutomo M (1997) Struktur komunitas padang lamun perairan Indonesia. In: Inventarisasi dan
evaluasi potensi laut-pesisir II geologi, kimia, biologi, dan ekologi. Prosiding Kongres Biologi
Indonesia XV. Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta. (In Indonrsian), pp 54–61
IPCC (2018) Global warming of 1.5 °C: An IPCC special report on the impacts of global warming
of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in
the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable
development, and efforts to eradicate poverty. IPCC, Switzerland, p 26
Jueterbock A, Tyberghein L, Verbruggen H, Coyer JA, Olsen JL, Hoarau G (2013) Climate change
impact on seaweed meadow distribution in the North Atlantic rocky intertidal. Ecol Evol 3:1356–
1373. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.541
Kappel CV (2005) Losing pieces of the puzzle: threats to marine, estuarine, and diadromous species.
Front Ecol Environ 3:275–282
Kasim M, Mustafa A (2017) Comparison growth of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Solieriaceae) cultivation in floating cage and longline in Indonesia. Aquaculture Rep 6:49–55. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2017.03.004
M. Kasim
Ferrol-Schulte D, Gorris P, Baitoningsih W, Adhuri DS, Ferse SC (2015) Coastal livelihood vulnerability to marine resource degradation : a review of Indonesia national coastal and marine policy
framework. Mar Policy 52:163–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/Soo25-326X(98)00047-2
Fitt WK, Warner ME (1995) Bleaching patterns of four species of caribbean reef corals. Biol Bull
189(3):298–307
Folke C, Carpenter S, Walker B, Scheffer M, Elmqvist T (2004) Regime shifts, resilience, and
biodiversity in ecosystem management. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 35:557–581. https://doi.org/
10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.35.021103.105711
Gattuso JP, Hoegh-Guldberg O, Pörtner HO (2014) Cross-chapter boxes. Climate change impacts,
adaptation, and vulnerability 97–166. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107415379.005
Gilman EL, Ellison J, Duke NC, Field C (2008) Threats to mangroves from climate change and
adaptation options: a review. Aquat Bot 89:237–250
Gjerde KM, Breide C (2003) Towards a strategy for high seas marine protected areas: proceedings
of the IUCN, WCPA and WWF experts workshop on high seas marine protected areas, 15–17
January 2003, Malaga, Spain. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK
Glynn PW, D’Croz L (1990) Experimental evidence for high temperature stress as the cause of El
Nino-coincident coral mortality. Coral Reefs 8:181–191
Halpern BS, Kimberly A, Selkoe KA, Fiorenza MF, Kappel FC (2007) Evaluating and ranking the
vulnerability of global marine ecosystems to anthropogenic threats. Conserv Biol 21(5):1301–
1315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00752.x
Handayani W, Rudiarto I, Setyono JS, Chigbu UE, Sukmawati AM (2017) Vulnerability assessment:
A comparison of three different city sizes in the coastal area of Central Java, Indonesia. Adv Clim
Change Res. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2017.11.002
Hasanah AN, Rukminasari N, Yunus B, Yanuarita D, Jompa J, Suharto, Inaku DF (2018) The effect
of temperature on zooxanthellae of isopora palifera and acropora hyacinthus from karanrang
island, Indonesia, SPERMONDE 4(1):7–11
Higuchi T, Fujimura H, Hitomi Y, Arakaki T, Oomori T, Suzuki Y (2010) Photochemichal formation
of hydroxyl radicals in tissue extracts of the coral Galaxea fascicularis. Photochem Photobiol
86:1421–1426
Hizza EL (2013) Coping and adaptation strategies to climate change impacts: the case of rural
community in Vuga village-Lushoto district, MUCCoBS Working Paper Series, Moshi University
College of Cooperative and Business Studies
Hoegh-Guldberg O (2011) Coral reef ecosystems and anthropogenic climate change. Reg Environ
Change 11:215–227
Hoegh-Guldberg O, Smith GJ (1989) The effect of sudden changes in temperature, light and salinity
on the population density and export of zooxanthellae from the reef corals Stylophora pistillata
Esper and Seriatopora hystrix Dana. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 129:279–303
Hutomo M (1997) Struktur komunitas padang lamun perairan Indonesia. In: Inventarisasi dan
evaluasi potensi laut-pesisir II geologi, kimia, biologi, dan ekologi. Prosiding Kongres Biologi
Indonesia XV. Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta. (In Indonrsian), pp 54–61
IPCC (2018) Global warming of 1.5 °C: An IPCC special report on the impacts of global warming
of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in
the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable
development, and efforts to eradicate poverty. IPCC, Switzerland, p 26
Jueterbock A, Tyberghein L, Verbruggen H, Coyer JA, Olsen JL, Hoarau G (2013) Climate change
impact on seaweed meadow distribution in the North Atlantic rocky intertidal. Ecol Evol 3:1356–
1373. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.541
Kappel CV (2005) Losing pieces of the puzzle: threats to marine, estuarine, and diadromous species.
Front Ecol Environ 3:275–282
Kasim M, Mustafa A (2017) Comparison growth of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Solieriaceae) cultivation in floating cage and longline in Indonesia. Aquaculture Rep 6:49–55. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2017.03.004