of tourism and development of renewable energies offshore or coastal risk management strategies can play a role in co-creating a common vision for the development
of an interconnected rural-coastal-sea region. The project aims at identifying main
issues and business opportunities from representative case studies and the development of an inventory of best practice, successes and lessons learned regarding landsea synergies and coastal-rural collaborations. Policies are still fragmented, but
international initiatives (political and scientific) work towards unified, multi-sectoral
framework and a better integration of the land and sea ecosystems. The source-to-sea
concept highlights the gaps and needs for a better integration, cooperation and
coordination of activities from the rural area until the ocean in order to achieve a
harmonized, sustainable development of a land-sea area.
13.2.3 Marine Protected Areas
Chapter 8 presents possible conceptual frameworks for the cultural ecosystem
services (CES) classification along with the monetary and nonmonetary (revealed
and stated preference) methods for their valuation. The methodology used to operationally define CES in socio-economic models, in a way that they can be useful in
policy agenda and in decision-making as well as classify is a literature review
approach. Besides the lack of well-established and readily applicable definition,
literature seems to agree that CES are nonmaterial and contribute benefit to people
in terms of well-being, mental and physical health. An efficient context to achieve an
improved management of ecosystem services (ES) are the marine protected areas
(MPAs), which are directly aligned with ES taking under considering that in most
marine areas, human activities are not spatially managed and monitored, while
human impacts on ecosystems services are not taken into account when management
initiatives are considered.
The study supports that CES valuation can become an extremely advantageous
tool that can shed light to the benefits derived from the cultural aspects of MPAs,
guiding policymakers and management authorities. Integrated and adaptive management will support MPA managers to identify and adopt policies and best
practices that involve both cultural and natural resources at the ecosystem and
landscape levels. So far, the variety of conceptual frameworks around the CES
categorization has undermined this opportunity. This chapter justifies that stated
preference methods have the lion’s share in this debate, and there seems to be a
consensus that the more CES will become important, the more these methods will
need to be developed to accommodate the specificities associated with these services. Recent projects that apply the combination of monetary and nonmonetary
valuation methods in MPA management are AMARE (2020) and RECONNECT
(2020).
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P. Koundouri and L. Papadaki
of an interconnected rural-coastal-sea region. The project aims at identifying main
issues and business opportunities from representative case studies and the development of an inventory of best practice, successes and lessons learned regarding landsea synergies and coastal-rural collaborations. Policies are still fragmented, but
international initiatives (political and scientific) work towards unified, multi-sectoral
framework and a better integration of the land and sea ecosystems. The source-to-sea
concept highlights the gaps and needs for a better integration, cooperation and
coordination of activities from the rural area until the ocean in order to achieve a
harmonized, sustainable development of a land-sea area.
13.2.3 Marine Protected Areas
Chapter 8 presents possible conceptual frameworks for the cultural ecosystem
services (CES) classification along with the monetary and nonmonetary (revealed
and stated preference) methods for their valuation. The methodology used to operationally define CES in socio-economic models, in a way that they can be useful in
policy agenda and in decision-making as well as classify is a literature review
approach. Besides the lack of well-established and readily applicable definition,
literature seems to agree that CES are nonmaterial and contribute benefit to people
in terms of well-being, mental and physical health. An efficient context to achieve an
improved management of ecosystem services (ES) are the marine protected areas
(MPAs), which are directly aligned with ES taking under considering that in most
marine areas, human activities are not spatially managed and monitored, while
human impacts on ecosystems services are not taken into account when management
initiatives are considered.
The study supports that CES valuation can become an extremely advantageous
tool that can shed light to the benefits derived from the cultural aspects of MPAs,
guiding policymakers and management authorities. Integrated and adaptive management will support MPA managers to identify and adopt policies and best
practices that involve both cultural and natural resources at the ecosystem and
landscape levels. So far, the variety of conceptual frameworks around the CES
categorization has undermined this opportunity. This chapter justifies that stated
preference methods have the lion’s share in this debate, and there seems to be a
consensus that the more CES will become important, the more these methods will
need to be developed to accommodate the specificities associated with these services. Recent projects that apply the combination of monetary and nonmonetary
valuation methods in MPA management are AMARE (2020) and RECONNECT
(2020).
250
P. Koundouri and L. Papadaki