100
pathways.
4
In the absence of leadership by the state—that is, willingness to
impose sanctions on oil and gas firms that are heavy enough to change the
extent of land use disturbance and sufficient to conserve sufficient and
appropriately configured habitats—the exchange cannot function to conserve sage-grouse. Voluntary commitments by firms are insufficient and
consumer preferences are not expressed in a manner capable of producing
significant changes. Habitat offsetting, and perhaps most analogous
market- based conservation strategies, rest on the existence or creation of
demand for offsets. This demand rests on the legislative and judicial redefinition of rights and responsibilities. Unless consumers, investors, voters,
and regulators hold these expectations and impose these duties, this environmental governance strategy cannot sustain sage-grouse in Colorado
and advance a sustainable transition.
rEfErEncEs
Barral, S. (2019). Ecological and management dimensions of metric production in
conservation banking. Journal of Rural Studies (In review).
Blühdorn, I. (2007). Sustaining the unsustainable: Symbolic politics and the politics of simulation. Environmental Politics, 16, 251–275.
Bovens, M. (2007). Analysing and assessing accountability: A conceptual framework. European Law Journal, 13(4), 447–468.
Copeland, H. E., Doherty, K. E., Naugle, D. E., Pocewicz, A., & Kiesecker, J. M.
(2009). Mapping oil and gas development potential in the US Intermountain
West and estimating impacts to species. PloS one, 4(10), e7400.
Davenport/NY Times. (2019, March 15). Trump administration loosens sage
grouse protections, benefiting oil companies. NY Times.
Green, M. (2018, July 27). The Hill. Retrieved May 2019, from https://thehill.
com/policy/energy-environment/399262-administration-ending-rule-thatmade-industry-pay-for-damages-to
Habermas, J. (1975). Legitimation crisis. Boston: Beacon Press.
Kraft, B., & Wolf, S. (2018). Through the lens of accountability: Analyzing legitimacy in environmental governance. Organization & Environment, 31, 70–92.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026616680682
Large, D., & Wolf, S. (2018). How the endangered state acts: Reverse regulatory
threat and market-based conservation policy (In preparation).
4
Permits are awarded by the state through a process that involves attention to avoidance,
minimisation and offsetting. Champions of the exchange argue that the terms of offsetting
in these alternative forums are too generous to commercial interests, and this leads to underinvestment at all levels of the mitigation hierarchy.
S. WOLF
pathways.
4
In the absence of leadership by the state—that is, willingness to
impose sanctions on oil and gas firms that are heavy enough to change the
extent of land use disturbance and sufficient to conserve sufficient and
appropriately configured habitats—the exchange cannot function to conserve sage-grouse. Voluntary commitments by firms are insufficient and
consumer preferences are not expressed in a manner capable of producing
significant changes. Habitat offsetting, and perhaps most analogous
market- based conservation strategies, rest on the existence or creation of
demand for offsets. This demand rests on the legislative and judicial redefinition of rights and responsibilities. Unless consumers, investors, voters,
and regulators hold these expectations and impose these duties, this environmental governance strategy cannot sustain sage-grouse in Colorado
and advance a sustainable transition.
rEfErEncEs
Barral, S. (2019). Ecological and management dimensions of metric production in
conservation banking. Journal of Rural Studies (In review).
Blühdorn, I. (2007). Sustaining the unsustainable: Symbolic politics and the politics of simulation. Environmental Politics, 16, 251–275.
Bovens, M. (2007). Analysing and assessing accountability: A conceptual framework. European Law Journal, 13(4), 447–468.
Copeland, H. E., Doherty, K. E., Naugle, D. E., Pocewicz, A., & Kiesecker, J. M.
(2009). Mapping oil and gas development potential in the US Intermountain
West and estimating impacts to species. PloS one, 4(10), e7400.
Davenport/NY Times. (2019, March 15). Trump administration loosens sage
grouse protections, benefiting oil companies. NY Times.
Green, M. (2018, July 27). The Hill. Retrieved May 2019, from https://thehill.
com/policy/energy-environment/399262-administration-ending-rule-thatmade-industry-pay-for-damages-to
Habermas, J. (1975). Legitimation crisis. Boston: Beacon Press.
Kraft, B., & Wolf, S. (2018). Through the lens of accountability: Analyzing legitimacy in environmental governance. Organization & Environment, 31, 70–92.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026616680682
Large, D., & Wolf, S. (2018). How the endangered state acts: Reverse regulatory
threat and market-based conservation policy (In preparation).
4
Permits are awarded by the state through a process that involves attention to avoidance,
minimisation and offsetting. Champions of the exchange argue that the terms of offsetting
in these alternative forums are too generous to commercial interests, and this leads to underinvestment at all levels of the mitigation hierarchy.
S. WOLF