Table 5 Relevant actors and international experience in the strategic pathway of regionally connected, coordinated and
secure electricity markets enabling cross-border trade of electricity through interconnectors
Regional planning
of interconnector
routes
Regional alignment of national EMR
leading to coordination of CDB
Cooperation on
internationally
coordinated grid
cybersecurity
International
experience
EU
interconnection,
US interstate
EU market integration, EU Capacity
Allocation and Congestion Management
regulations
Ukrainian power grid
cyber attack
DoE: Cybersecurity for
Critical Energy
Infrastructure
State actors
State Grid Corporation of China, China Southern Power Grid, NDRC,
National Energy Administration
MOFCOM,
NDRC
Power sector regulators (NEC)
Non-state actors
Siemens, GE
DNO; utilities, generator operators
Symantec, Honeywell,
Verizon
GEGs/multilaterals
WTO, ECT,
MIGA, ICSID,
IFC, BIT
IEA, ECT, IRENA, IEF, GIZ, CEM,
21st Century Power Partnership, ISGAN
IEA, IMPACT, ITU
GEG reform
Regional assistance from exiting GEGs to China and Asia
Reform of IEA to create
initiative on
cybersecurity?
Table 6 Relevant actors and international experience in the strategic pathway of international cooperation to accelerate
smart management of EV electricity demand and deployment of cost-effective electricity storage
Internationally standardised smart EV
charging stations
International alignment of electricity storage
investment towards lithium-ion batteries
International
experience
Dutch charging service providers: Open
Smart Charge Protocol (OSCP), GreenFlux
and Enerxis
Tesla deployment in California, UK govt.
investment in battery deployment, MDB
reforms
State actors
State Grid Corporation of China, China Southern Power Grid, NDRC, Standardization
Administration of the PRC
Non-state actors
DNO, EV manufacturers
Battery and EV manufacturers (BYD,
CATL), DNO
GEGs/multilaterals
IRENA, IEA, IEC, IOS, IEEE
World Bank, AIIB, ADB, MIGA, ICSID,
IFC, CCCMC, CEM, Mission Innovation,
GGGI, CIF, IFC, BIT
GEG reform
Current international standard setting
effective, widespread international
engagement and adoption required
Coordinated reform and alignment of
investment standards and strategies of
MDBs
692
W. Jigang and P. Webb
secure electricity markets enabling cross-border trade of electricity through interconnectors
Regional planning
of interconnector
routes
Regional alignment of national EMR
leading to coordination of CDB
Cooperation on
internationally
coordinated grid
cybersecurity
International
experience
EU
interconnection,
US interstate
EU market integration, EU Capacity
Allocation and Congestion Management
regulations
Ukrainian power grid
cyber attack
DoE: Cybersecurity for
Critical Energy
Infrastructure
State actors
State Grid Corporation of China, China Southern Power Grid, NDRC,
National Energy Administration
MOFCOM,
NDRC
Power sector regulators (NEC)
Non-state actors
Siemens, GE
DNO; utilities, generator operators
Symantec, Honeywell,
Verizon
GEGs/multilaterals
WTO, ECT,
MIGA, ICSID,
IFC, BIT
IEA, ECT, IRENA, IEF, GIZ, CEM,
21st Century Power Partnership, ISGAN
IEA, IMPACT, ITU
GEG reform
Regional assistance from exiting GEGs to China and Asia
Reform of IEA to create
initiative on
cybersecurity?
Table 6 Relevant actors and international experience in the strategic pathway of international cooperation to accelerate
smart management of EV electricity demand and deployment of cost-effective electricity storage
Internationally standardised smart EV
charging stations
International alignment of electricity storage
investment towards lithium-ion batteries
International
experience
Dutch charging service providers: Open
Smart Charge Protocol (OSCP), GreenFlux
and Enerxis
Tesla deployment in California, UK govt.
investment in battery deployment, MDB
reforms
State actors
State Grid Corporation of China, China Southern Power Grid, NDRC, Standardization
Administration of the PRC
Non-state actors
DNO, EV manufacturers
Battery and EV manufacturers (BYD,
CATL), DNO
GEGs/multilaterals
IRENA, IEA, IEC, IOS, IEEE
World Bank, AIIB, ADB, MIGA, ICSID,
IFC, CCCMC, CEM, Mission Innovation,
GGGI, CIF, IFC, BIT
GEG reform
Current international standard setting
effective, widespread international
engagement and adoption required
Coordinated reform and alignment of
investment standards and strategies of
MDBs
692
W. Jigang and P. Webb