Annex A.2: Relevant Actors
and International Experience
See Tables 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Mechanism/process/organisation Relevant function
Trade Investment Innovation Security
of
supply
Externals
Other
Kimberley Process, Better Gold,
Dodd-Frank
Supply chain
transparency
Equator Principles
Investment standards
ISO (oil), Euro (Auto),
Product standards
ASEAN and ASEAN Plus Three Petroleum Security
Agreement
Comb. Maritime Taskforces
Security of sea lanes
International Maritime
Organization (IMO)
Fuel efficiency, fuel
standards,
environment
Table 2 Relevant actors and international experience in the strategic pathway of reforming the IEA to make it more
representative, effective and relevant
Regional oil and gas security
IEA reform process
International
experience
Energy Charter Treaty, G20 Energy
Ministerial Communiqué 2016, G20
Principles on Energy Collaboration
IMF precedent, Norway precedent, Russian
membership of Nuclear Energy Agency
State actors
National Energy Administration (NEA) of
China, Ministry of Economy, Trade and
Industry (METI) of Japan, and Korea Energy
Economics Institute (KEEI), Indonesia, Laos,
Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand
and Vietnam
China, India and Indonesia (existing G20
association members) plus (e.g. Russia,
Brazil, South Africa—partner countries) to
make proposal for IEA reform at G20
Non-state actors
ASEAN Centre for Energy
Governmental
expert group
(GEG)/multilaterals
IEA, ASEAN Plus Three, ECT, BRICS,
OECD, ASEAN Council on Petroleum
G20, IEA, OECD, IEP
GEG reform
Development of ASEAN Plus Three oil
emergency sharing mechanisms
IEA treaty reform on OECD membership
and voting shares
690
W. Jigang and P. Webb