transition and reform of industrial civilisation.
The emergence of any civilisation is the outcome
of a successful response to tough environments.
The Fukushima nuclear accident highlighted the
shortcomings of global industrial civilisation. In
this sense, the nuclear power industry has been
pushed to the front of the transition of industrial
civilisation.
6.5.4 Pathways and Measures
to Develop Nuclear Power
Safely
(1) Develop safe, authoritative, stable and
efficient nuclear energy development
strategies
Guided by the principles of “strategic necessity,
environmental safety, guiding standards, coordination and stability”, the strategy and policy of
“efficiently developing nuclear energy while
ensuring safety” should be enriched and
improved. A mandatory, authoritative and
strategic development plan should be drawn up,
guided by the Scientific Outlook on Development (one of the guiding socioeconomic principles of the Communist Party of China), which
emphasises the comprehensive, harmonious and
sustainable development of China for the Chinese people. After adequate and scientific
demonstration, the plan should cover strategic
positioning, development guidelines and objectives, the technical route to achieve those
objectives, R&D, the nuclear fuel cycle, resource
guarantees, independent equipment manufacture,
training people in nuclear power, and make the
plan into an integral part of national energy
programmes.
First, the Scientific Outlook on Development
should be followed to promote the development
of nuclear energy, improve nuclear energy’s
position in China’s energy development strategies, and include nuclear energy in the national
energy development programmes.
Second, China should strengthen research and
development of nuclear energy strategies and
plans, put in place the relevant organisations and
funds, draw up nuclear energy development
strategies and plans, define the targeted installed
capacity of nuclear power and priority projects,
optimise project schedules, and prepare an
authoritative medium- and long-term national
nuclear energy development plan.
Third, the actions and procedures to implement strategic plans should be consistent, and the
duties and rights of government agencies, businesses and scientific research institutions should
be defined, thus truly implementing the strategic
plans and generating good results.
Fourth, when developing strategy studies,
policy discussions and plans around “independent design, independent R&D, independent
manufacturing and independent operation”, some
important strategic decisions, technology pathways and policies should be included in national
policy papers and implemented in the projects.
(2) Establish a nuclear energy law and regulatory system based on the Atomic Energy
Law
Atomic energy legislation is urgently needed to
provide a reference point for important decisions
on nuclear activities. More than 20 years have
passed since China proposed the Atomic Energy
Law. Today, the principles of the Atomic Energy
Law are still being discussed. Requisite laws for
the development of nuclear energy are absent.
Due to the severe delay in passing legislation,
conflicts and problems that arise in nuclear
energy development are regulated with temporary policies. This is not in line with China’s
nuclear power development requirements.
First, the Atomic Energy Law should be
drafted as soon as possible to provide legal
protection for the development of nuclear energy.
The legislation should be effective, practical and
focused, and it should define in a comprehensive
manner the timelines and protocol for disclosing
information on nuclear accidents.
Second, legislation for specific aspects of
nuclear energy should be drawn up in an orderly
manner and by priority. The regulations for
nuclear damage compensation, spent fuel management and radioactive waste management
should be introduced as soon as possible.
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S. Zifeng and N. Dickens
The emergence of any civilisation is the outcome
of a successful response to tough environments.
The Fukushima nuclear accident highlighted the
shortcomings of global industrial civilisation. In
this sense, the nuclear power industry has been
pushed to the front of the transition of industrial
civilisation.
6.5.4 Pathways and Measures
to Develop Nuclear Power
Safely
(1) Develop safe, authoritative, stable and
efficient nuclear energy development
strategies
Guided by the principles of “strategic necessity,
environmental safety, guiding standards, coordination and stability”, the strategy and policy of
“efficiently developing nuclear energy while
ensuring safety” should be enriched and
improved. A mandatory, authoritative and
strategic development plan should be drawn up,
guided by the Scientific Outlook on Development (one of the guiding socioeconomic principles of the Communist Party of China), which
emphasises the comprehensive, harmonious and
sustainable development of China for the Chinese people. After adequate and scientific
demonstration, the plan should cover strategic
positioning, development guidelines and objectives, the technical route to achieve those
objectives, R&D, the nuclear fuel cycle, resource
guarantees, independent equipment manufacture,
training people in nuclear power, and make the
plan into an integral part of national energy
programmes.
First, the Scientific Outlook on Development
should be followed to promote the development
of nuclear energy, improve nuclear energy’s
position in China’s energy development strategies, and include nuclear energy in the national
energy development programmes.
Second, China should strengthen research and
development of nuclear energy strategies and
plans, put in place the relevant organisations and
funds, draw up nuclear energy development
strategies and plans, define the targeted installed
capacity of nuclear power and priority projects,
optimise project schedules, and prepare an
authoritative medium- and long-term national
nuclear energy development plan.
Third, the actions and procedures to implement strategic plans should be consistent, and the
duties and rights of government agencies, businesses and scientific research institutions should
be defined, thus truly implementing the strategic
plans and generating good results.
Fourth, when developing strategy studies,
policy discussions and plans around “independent design, independent R&D, independent
manufacturing and independent operation”, some
important strategic decisions, technology pathways and policies should be included in national
policy papers and implemented in the projects.
(2) Establish a nuclear energy law and regulatory system based on the Atomic Energy
Law
Atomic energy legislation is urgently needed to
provide a reference point for important decisions
on nuclear activities. More than 20 years have
passed since China proposed the Atomic Energy
Law. Today, the principles of the Atomic Energy
Law are still being discussed. Requisite laws for
the development of nuclear energy are absent.
Due to the severe delay in passing legislation,
conflicts and problems that arise in nuclear
energy development are regulated with temporary policies. This is not in line with China’s
nuclear power development requirements.
First, the Atomic Energy Law should be
drafted as soon as possible to provide legal
protection for the development of nuclear energy.
The legislation should be effective, practical and
focused, and it should define in a comprehensive
manner the timelines and protocol for disclosing
information on nuclear accidents.
Second, legislation for specific aspects of
nuclear energy should be drawn up in an orderly
manner and by priority. The regulations for
nuclear damage compensation, spent fuel management and radioactive waste management
should be introduced as soon as possible.
374
S. Zifeng and N. Dickens