Exploring the Need for Functional Clothing …
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were inclusively designed for both exercisers and non-exercisers, to gather insight
into what currently motivates exercisers and what would motivate non-exercisers to
exercise. Exercise motivations included a 17 variable edit from the 51-item Exercise
Motivations Inventory-2 (EMI-2) [30] which covered both intrinsic (e.g. enjoyment)
and extrinsic (e.g. weight management) types of motivation [31]. Participants were
asked to select their top three motivations. Perceived barriers to exercise covered five
themes including time, energy, self-confidence, self-efficacy and health ability.
Occupational activity was self-reported and assessed using a single question with
three response options including (1) sedentary: seated most of the day, (2) moderate:
seated and standing and (3) active: rarely seated.
Commuting physical activity was self-reported and assessed against commuting
modes including bicycle, car, public transport and walking. The duration spent
commuting to and from the workplace was measured in 15 min variables from <
15 min to > 5 h. The question design allowed for multiple types of commuting for
those who, for example, walked and used public transport. The question also allowed
for those to report on working from home or if their current status was unemployed
or retired and thus, did not commute to a place of work.
4. Occupation. Respondents were asked to identify their occupation type. Occupation
type was important to understand the type of environment the respondent worked in,
along with the types of movements, tasks and activities undertaken during working
hours.
5. Workwear. Respondents were asked to describe their workwear across three variables including (1) no uniform - I wear whatever I choose to, (2) relaxed dress code – I
am advised to dress appropriately and (3) strict uniform – I wear a uniform provided
by my workplace. The question aimed to understand the occupational uniform principles respondents adhered to and the level of freedom they have with their clothing
choices. Respondents were also asked the duration of workwear clothes worn, to
determine if the clothing was worn outside of working hours during leisure time.
6. Functional clothing. Sect. 6 briefly educated respondents on how clothing can
increase metabolic energy consumption and the potential benefits the clothing could
support including weight management and muscle toning. The questions were
paramount to the scoping study, to understand if respondents would like to wear
the clothing, what would motivate them to wear the clothing (weight management,
muscle toning or both) and when they would prefer to wear the clothing (commuting,
exercising or during working/studying hours). Preferences could then be analysed
against self-reported physical activity to determine the feasibility.
7. Personal information. The final section was dedicated to collecting personal information including age, height and weight to allow for Body Mass Index (BMI) to be
calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters, squared (kg/m
2 ). The
final, open-ended question asked respondents to share any further views and opinions
on the functional clothing in a free-text format. The intention was to allow for participants to discuss additional topics, concerns or questions, that were not captured in
the previous closed questions.
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were inclusively designed for both exercisers and non-exercisers, to gather insight
into what currently motivates exercisers and what would motivate non-exercisers to
exercise. Exercise motivations included a 17 variable edit from the 51-item Exercise
Motivations Inventory-2 (EMI-2) [30] which covered both intrinsic (e.g. enjoyment)
and extrinsic (e.g. weight management) types of motivation [31]. Participants were
asked to select their top three motivations. Perceived barriers to exercise covered five
themes including time, energy, self-confidence, self-efficacy and health ability.
Occupational activity was self-reported and assessed using a single question with
three response options including (1) sedentary: seated most of the day, (2) moderate:
seated and standing and (3) active: rarely seated.
Commuting physical activity was self-reported and assessed against commuting
modes including bicycle, car, public transport and walking. The duration spent
commuting to and from the workplace was measured in 15 min variables from <
15 min to > 5 h. The question design allowed for multiple types of commuting for
those who, for example, walked and used public transport. The question also allowed
for those to report on working from home or if their current status was unemployed
or retired and thus, did not commute to a place of work.
4. Occupation. Respondents were asked to identify their occupation type. Occupation
type was important to understand the type of environment the respondent worked in,
along with the types of movements, tasks and activities undertaken during working
hours.
5. Workwear. Respondents were asked to describe their workwear across three variables including (1) no uniform - I wear whatever I choose to, (2) relaxed dress code – I
am advised to dress appropriately and (3) strict uniform – I wear a uniform provided
by my workplace. The question aimed to understand the occupational uniform principles respondents adhered to and the level of freedom they have with their clothing
choices. Respondents were also asked the duration of workwear clothes worn, to
determine if the clothing was worn outside of working hours during leisure time.
6. Functional clothing. Sect. 6 briefly educated respondents on how clothing can
increase metabolic energy consumption and the potential benefits the clothing could
support including weight management and muscle toning. The questions were
paramount to the scoping study, to understand if respondents would like to wear
the clothing, what would motivate them to wear the clothing (weight management,
muscle toning or both) and when they would prefer to wear the clothing (commuting,
exercising or during working/studying hours). Preferences could then be analysed
against self-reported physical activity to determine the feasibility.
7. Personal information. The final section was dedicated to collecting personal information including age, height and weight to allow for Body Mass Index (BMI) to be
calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters, squared (kg/m
2 ). The
final, open-ended question asked respondents to share any further views and opinions
on the functional clothing in a free-text format. The intention was to allow for participants to discuss additional topics, concerns or questions, that were not captured in
the previous closed questions.