548
H. Najmi et al.
viscosity, μ [10]. To determine the most of the above properties, mass flowrate is
required.
It is important to determine fluid properties (such as velocity, viscosity, density
etc.) axially as well as radially. In order to determine such properties, it is important
to measure fluid flow parameters correctly. In case of porous tube, flow occurs in
two directions (axially and radially). It is difficult to measure all the above-described
parameters axially. In order to measure the temperature, pressure, and mass flowrate
axially, the sensors have to be placed inside the porous tube which can affect the
fluid flow and leads to change in flow dynamics. Therefore, all the fluid parameters
should be measured radially and eventually with the help of that axial parameters
should be determined. Practically, it is not very easy to measure all these parameters
radially but it is less complex compare to the axial measurements.
To attain the above objective, a permselectivity bench is developed in which 1 m
long porous tube is placed inside the assembly of permeation cells that isolates the
porous tube radially and axially. It is seen earlier that out of all fluid parameters,
mass flowrate is the most important. Therefore, in the present work, two methods
are tried to measure radial mass flowrate. The first method is the traditional one as
described in [11] and the second method is a new analytical method developed for
this work. Measurements from both the methods are compared and discussed in the
next part of this study.
2 Materials and Methods
The developed test bench (Fig. 1) is composed of a porous stainless steel tube (316L
SS). The porous tube has one inlet and two outlets (one primary outlet which is
divided into eight with the help of permeation cells and one secondary outlet which
is at the end of the tube).
The design of different permeation cells is considered and modeled in 3D using
CATIA. The feasibility of each designed model is checked. The optimum design has
been selected and fabricated. The cells are manufactured in the mechanic department
of INSA Center Val de Loire—Bourges campus (Fig. 1). It is made up of INOX-316L
because it can withstand high pressure (up to 100 bar) and high temperature (up to
800 °C). In total, eight cells (each of the length 10.00 cm, inner diameter of 5.40 cm,
and outer diameter of 6.20 cm) are manufactured. All the eight cells are connected
in a series using a rubber seal in non-porous polymer support in order to isolate the
porous tube axially as well as radially.
When the fluid enters the tube from one end (inlet), a part of fluid continues into
the channel and goes out through the main outlet (secondary outlet) and the rest
filtrates through porous media and go into the respective permeation cell along the
length. All the eight cells are isolated from each other. Each cell has two outlets
(holes), the first one for the thermocouple and the second for pressure and mass
flowrate measurement. A three-way valve is connected to second hole in such a way
that it allows the measurement of pressure even if the valve is closed.
H. Najmi et al.
viscosity, μ [10]. To determine the most of the above properties, mass flowrate is
required.
It is important to determine fluid properties (such as velocity, viscosity, density
etc.) axially as well as radially. In order to determine such properties, it is important
to measure fluid flow parameters correctly. In case of porous tube, flow occurs in
two directions (axially and radially). It is difficult to measure all the above-described
parameters axially. In order to measure the temperature, pressure, and mass flowrate
axially, the sensors have to be placed inside the porous tube which can affect the
fluid flow and leads to change in flow dynamics. Therefore, all the fluid parameters
should be measured radially and eventually with the help of that axial parameters
should be determined. Practically, it is not very easy to measure all these parameters
radially but it is less complex compare to the axial measurements.
To attain the above objective, a permselectivity bench is developed in which 1 m
long porous tube is placed inside the assembly of permeation cells that isolates the
porous tube radially and axially. It is seen earlier that out of all fluid parameters,
mass flowrate is the most important. Therefore, in the present work, two methods
are tried to measure radial mass flowrate. The first method is the traditional one as
described in [11] and the second method is a new analytical method developed for
this work. Measurements from both the methods are compared and discussed in the
next part of this study.
2 Materials and Methods
The developed test bench (Fig. 1) is composed of a porous stainless steel tube (316L
SS). The porous tube has one inlet and two outlets (one primary outlet which is
divided into eight with the help of permeation cells and one secondary outlet which
is at the end of the tube).
The design of different permeation cells is considered and modeled in 3D using
CATIA. The feasibility of each designed model is checked. The optimum design has
been selected and fabricated. The cells are manufactured in the mechanic department
of INSA Center Val de Loire—Bourges campus (Fig. 1). It is made up of INOX-316L
because it can withstand high pressure (up to 100 bar) and high temperature (up to
800 °C). In total, eight cells (each of the length 10.00 cm, inner diameter of 5.40 cm,
and outer diameter of 6.20 cm) are manufactured. All the eight cells are connected
in a series using a rubber seal in non-porous polymer support in order to isolate the
porous tube axially as well as radially.
When the fluid enters the tube from one end (inlet), a part of fluid continues into
the channel and goes out through the main outlet (secondary outlet) and the rest
filtrates through porous media and go into the respective permeation cell along the
length. All the eight cells are isolated from each other. Each cell has two outlets
(holes), the first one for the thermocouple and the second for pressure and mass
flowrate measurement. A three-way valve is connected to second hole in such a way
that it allows the measurement of pressure even if the valve is closed.