66
3 Advanced Technologies (Biological and Thermochemical) …
Table 3.4 List of some operating industrial pyrolysis plants around the world
Country
Pyrolysis plant
Capacity
Feedstock
Netherlands
Empyro
20 Ml/year
Woody biomass/residues
USA
Anellotech
Unknown
Palm wastes, bagasse, corn
stover and woody biomass
USA
Avello Bioenergy
Unknown
Agricultural residues (corn
stover), mill residues,
forestry residues (pine) and
energy crops
Germany
Bioliq
Unknown
Straw and other biogenic
residues
Australia
Renewable Oil
Corporation (ROC)
178 ton/day biomass
Mallee trees
Australia
Renergi
100 kg/h biomass
pyrolysis unit, 20 L/h
biorefinery unit
Agricultural waste and
mallee trees
their biomass pyrolysis plants due to the poor economics. Some operating industrial
pyrolysis plants around the world are listed in Table 3.4.
Anellotech facility in New York, USA, was founded in 2008 as a clean technology
platform for producing bio-based chemicals from renewable non-edible biomass. It
started up the pyrolysis pilot plant in 2014 using a variety of renewable feedstock
such as palm wastes, bagasse, corn stover and woody biomass. Anellotech uses a
single-step catalytic fast pyrolysis in a fluidized bed reactor and converts biomass into
benzene, toluene and xylenes [36]. Avello Bioenergy is another facility in the USA,
commercializing a proprietary technology of biomass fast pyrolysis, the AvelloFRAC
process, which converts biomass into bioasphalt, chemical feedstocks, biofuel oil
and biochar. A wide variety of feedstock including agricultural-, mill-, and forestry
residues and energy crops can be used directly for the process without any chemical
or biological pre-processing steps [36].
In Germany, the bioliq Pilot Plant at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
produces synthetic fuels from residual biomass. The process consists of flash pyrolysis, high-pressure entrained flow gasification, hot gas cleaning and synthetic fuels
stages. The biomass feedstock for the process is straw and other biogenic residues
[36].
Renewable Oil Corporation (ROC) is the first commercialized pyrolysis bio-oil
project in Australia with a capacity of 178 tonnes of biomass per day. The process
uses mallee trees as feedstock, which helps to increase tree planting and supports new
rural industries [35]. In 2015, the Australian Renewable Energy Agency announced
the design and construction of an innovative pilot-scale biofuel production facility,
named Renergi, in Perth. The plan is to build a 100 kg/h biomass pyrolysis unit with
a 20 L/h biorefinery unit using agricultural waste and mallee trees as the feedstock
[36].
3 Advanced Technologies (Biological and Thermochemical) …
Table 3.4 List of some operating industrial pyrolysis plants around the world
Country
Pyrolysis plant
Capacity
Feedstock
Netherlands
Empyro
20 Ml/year
Woody biomass/residues
USA
Anellotech
Unknown
Palm wastes, bagasse, corn
stover and woody biomass
USA
Avello Bioenergy
Unknown
Agricultural residues (corn
stover), mill residues,
forestry residues (pine) and
energy crops
Germany
Bioliq
Unknown
Straw and other biogenic
residues
Australia
Renewable Oil
Corporation (ROC)
178 ton/day biomass
Mallee trees
Australia
Renergi
100 kg/h biomass
pyrolysis unit, 20 L/h
biorefinery unit
Agricultural waste and
mallee trees
their biomass pyrolysis plants due to the poor economics. Some operating industrial
pyrolysis plants around the world are listed in Table 3.4.
Anellotech facility in New York, USA, was founded in 2008 as a clean technology
platform for producing bio-based chemicals from renewable non-edible biomass. It
started up the pyrolysis pilot plant in 2014 using a variety of renewable feedstock
such as palm wastes, bagasse, corn stover and woody biomass. Anellotech uses a
single-step catalytic fast pyrolysis in a fluidized bed reactor and converts biomass into
benzene, toluene and xylenes [36]. Avello Bioenergy is another facility in the USA,
commercializing a proprietary technology of biomass fast pyrolysis, the AvelloFRAC
process, which converts biomass into bioasphalt, chemical feedstocks, biofuel oil
and biochar. A wide variety of feedstock including agricultural-, mill-, and forestry
residues and energy crops can be used directly for the process without any chemical
or biological pre-processing steps [36].
In Germany, the bioliq Pilot Plant at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
produces synthetic fuels from residual biomass. The process consists of flash pyrolysis, high-pressure entrained flow gasification, hot gas cleaning and synthetic fuels
stages. The biomass feedstock for the process is straw and other biogenic residues
[36].
Renewable Oil Corporation (ROC) is the first commercialized pyrolysis bio-oil
project in Australia with a capacity of 178 tonnes of biomass per day. The process
uses mallee trees as feedstock, which helps to increase tree planting and supports new
rural industries [35]. In 2015, the Australian Renewable Energy Agency announced
the design and construction of an innovative pilot-scale biofuel production facility,
named Renergi, in Perth. The plan is to build a 100 kg/h biomass pyrolysis unit with
a 20 L/h biorefinery unit using agricultural waste and mallee trees as the feedstock
[36].