storing of toxic heavy metal compounds and give additional detoxification mechanism for host plants.
The previous studies done by many workers have reported two methods of
phytoremediation:
1. Phytoextraction (removal of heavy metals through plants)
2. Phytostabilization (Chaney et al. 1997; Garbisu and Alkorta 2001; Lasat 2002;
Ernst 2000; Azaizeh et al. 1995; Baker and Brooks 1989; Kinnersley 1993;
Welch 1993; Salt et al. 1995; Ghosh and Singh 2005).
Phytostabilization This method reduces the mobility of heavy metals in soil
(Blaylock et al. 1999), for example, decreasing wind-blown dust, reduced soil
Table 6.4 Name of AM fungi used for bioremediation
S. No.
Name of
Heavy
Metal
Name of AM fungi
Name of plants
References
1
Cadmium
(Cd)
Glomus mosseae; Glomus spp.; Gigaspora
sp.; Glomus
intraradices; Suillus
bovinus; Rhizopogon
roseolus;
G. constrictum; AMF
Trifoliumsub
terraneum; Allium
porrum; Zea mays L.;
Trifolium repens;
Bean; Hordeum
vulgare; A. capillaries
Joner and Leyval
(2001), Weissenhorn
et al. (1993), Vivas
et al. (2003), Guo
et al. (1996), Tullio
et al. (2003), Liao
et al. (2003), Lingzhi
et al. (2014), Souza
et al. (2013),
GilCardeza et al.
(2014)
2
Zinc (Zn)
Glomus mosseae; Glomus intraradices; Glomus constrictum;
G. ambisporum;
G. scutellospora;
G. dipurpurescens;
G. fasiculatum; Glomus claodeum; AMF
Lygeum spartum;
T. subterraneum;
Solanum nigrum;
Andropogon gerardii;
Festia rubra
Diaz et al. (1996),
Joner (2000), Paula
et al. (2006),
Weissenhorn et al.
(1994), Cornejo et al.
(2008), Dueck et al.
(1986)
3
Nikel (Ni) Gigaspora species;
Glomus tenue;
G. macrocarpum
Berkheya coddii;
maize; bean
Turnau et al. (2006),
Guo et al. (1996)
4
Copper
(Cu)
Glomus intraradices;
AMF
Zea mays;
A. capillaries; Trifolium repens; Coreopsis
drummondii, Pteris
vittata; Oenothera
picensis
Liao et al. (2003),
Chen et al. (2007),
Cornejo et al. (2017),
Cornejo et al. (2008)
5
Mercury
(Hg)
AMF
Nauclea orientalis
Hanna et al. (2014)
6
Lead (Pb) AMF;
G. macrocarpum
Lygeum spartum
Vodnik et al. (2008),
Diaz et al. (1996)
7
Aluminum AMF
Seguel et al. (2015,
2016a, b)
168
P. Verma et al.
The previous studies done by many workers have reported two methods of
phytoremediation:
1. Phytoextraction (removal of heavy metals through plants)
2. Phytostabilization (Chaney et al. 1997; Garbisu and Alkorta 2001; Lasat 2002;
Ernst 2000; Azaizeh et al. 1995; Baker and Brooks 1989; Kinnersley 1993;
Welch 1993; Salt et al. 1995; Ghosh and Singh 2005).
Phytostabilization This method reduces the mobility of heavy metals in soil
(Blaylock et al. 1999), for example, decreasing wind-blown dust, reduced soil
Table 6.4 Name of AM fungi used for bioremediation
S. No.
Name of
Heavy
Metal
Name of AM fungi
Name of plants
References
1
Cadmium
(Cd)
Glomus mosseae; Glomus spp.; Gigaspora
sp.; Glomus
intraradices; Suillus
bovinus; Rhizopogon
roseolus;
G. constrictum; AMF
Trifoliumsub
terraneum; Allium
porrum; Zea mays L.;
Trifolium repens;
Bean; Hordeum
vulgare; A. capillaries
Joner and Leyval
(2001), Weissenhorn
et al. (1993), Vivas
et al. (2003), Guo
et al. (1996), Tullio
et al. (2003), Liao
et al. (2003), Lingzhi
et al. (2014), Souza
et al. (2013),
GilCardeza et al.
(2014)
2
Zinc (Zn)
Glomus mosseae; Glomus intraradices; Glomus constrictum;
G. ambisporum;
G. scutellospora;
G. dipurpurescens;
G. fasiculatum; Glomus claodeum; AMF
Lygeum spartum;
T. subterraneum;
Solanum nigrum;
Andropogon gerardii;
Festia rubra
Diaz et al. (1996),
Joner (2000), Paula
et al. (2006),
Weissenhorn et al.
(1994), Cornejo et al.
(2008), Dueck et al.
(1986)
3
Nikel (Ni) Gigaspora species;
Glomus tenue;
G. macrocarpum
Berkheya coddii;
maize; bean
Turnau et al. (2006),
Guo et al. (1996)
4
Copper
(Cu)
Glomus intraradices;
AMF
Zea mays;
A. capillaries; Trifolium repens; Coreopsis
drummondii, Pteris
vittata; Oenothera
picensis
Liao et al. (2003),
Chen et al. (2007),
Cornejo et al. (2017),
Cornejo et al. (2008)
5
Mercury
(Hg)
AMF
Nauclea orientalis
Hanna et al. (2014)
6
Lead (Pb) AMF;
G. macrocarpum
Lygeum spartum
Vodnik et al. (2008),
Diaz et al. (1996)
7
Aluminum AMF
Seguel et al. (2015,
2016a, b)
168
P. Verma et al.