conductance and improved functionality in calcium signaling. Plant Cell 24:2528–2545
Venkateshwaran M, Jayaraman D, Chabaud M, Genre
A, Balloon AJ, Maeda J, Forshey K, den Os D,
Kwiecien NW, Coon JJ, Barker DG, Ane ´ J-M
(2015) A role for the mevalonate pathway in early
plant symbiotic signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S
A 112:9781–9786
Venice F, Ghignone S, Salvioli A, Amselem J, Novero M,
Xianan X, Sedzielewska Toro K, Morin E, Lipzen
A, Grigoriev IV, Henrissat B, Martin F, Bonfante P
(2019) At the nexus of three kingdoms: the
genome of the mycorrhizal fungus Gigaspora margarita provides insights into plant, endobacterial
and fungal interactions. Environ Microbiol
22:122–141
Vijayakumar V, Liebisch G, Buer B, Xue L, Gerlach N,
Blau S, Schmitz J, Bucher M (2015) Integrated
multi-omics analysis supports role of lysophosphatidylcholine and related glycerophospholipids
in the Lotus japonicus–Glomus intraradices
mycorrhizal symbiosis. Plant Cell Environ 39
(2):393–415
Voß S, Betz R, Heidt S, Corradi N, Requena N (2018)
RiCRN1, a crinkler fffector from the arbuscular
mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis, functions in arbuscule development. Front Microbiol
9:2068. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02068.
eCollection 2018
Wang B, Yeun LH, Xue JY, Liu Y, Ane ´ JM, Qiu YL
(2010) Presence of three mycorrhizal genes in the
common ancestor of land plants suggests a key
role of mycorrhizas in the colonization of land by
plants. New Phytol 186:514–525
Wang E, Schornack S, Marsh JF, Gobbato E, Schwessinger B, Eastmond P, Schultze M, Kamoun S,
Oldroyd GED (2012) A common signalling process
that promotes mycorrhizal and oomycete colonization of plants. Curr Biol 22(23):2242–2246
Wang M, Weiberg A, Dellota E, Yamane D, Jin H (2017)
Botrytis smallRNABcsiR37 suppresses plant
defense genes by cross-kingdom RNAi. RNA Biol
14:421–428
Wang M, Scha ¨fer M, Li D, Halitschke R, Dong C,
McGale E, Paetz C, Song Y, Li S, Dong J, Heiling
S, Groten K, Franken P, Bitterlich M, Harrison MJ,
Paszkowski U, Baldwin IT (2018) Blumenols as
shoot markers of root symbiosis with arbuscular
mycorrhizal fungi. elife 7:e37093. https://doi.org/
10.7554/eLife.37093
Waters MT, Brewer PB, Bussell JD, Smith SM, Beveridge CA (2012) The Arabidopsis ortholog of rice
DWARF27 acts upstream of MAX1 in the control
of plant development by strigolactones. Plant
Physiol 159(3):1073–1085
Waters MT, Gutjahr C, Bennett T, Nelson DC (2017)
Strigolactone signaling and evolution. Annu Rev
Plant Biol 68:291–322
Wewer V, Brands M, Do ¨rmann P (2014) Fatty acid
synthesis and lipid metabolism in the obligate
biotrophic fungus Rhizophagus irregularis during
mycorrhization of Lotus japonicus. Plant J 79:398–
412
White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J (1990) Amplification
and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA
genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH,
Sninsky JJ, White TJ (eds) PCR protocols: a guide
to methods and applications. Academic Press, New
York, pp 315–322
Wu P, Wu Y, Liu C-C, Liu L-W, Ma F-F, Wu X-Y, Wu
M, Hang Y-Y, Chen J-Q, Shao Z-Q, Wang B (2016)
Identification of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)responsive microRNAs in tomato. Front Plant Sci
7:429
Xing X, Koch AM, Jones AMP, Ragone D, Murch S, Hart
MM (2012) Mutualism breakdown in breadfruit
domestication. Proc Biol Sci 279:1122–1130
Xue L, Cui H, Buer B, Vijayakumar V, Delaux P-M,
Junkermann S, Bucher M (2015) Network of
GRAS transcription factors involved in the control
of arbuscule development in Lotus japonicus. Plant
Physiol 167:854–871
Yamamoto K, Endo N, Degawa Y, Fukuda M, Yamada A
(2017) First detection of Endogone ectomycorrhizas in natural oak forests. Mycorrhiza 27:295–301
Yang S-Y, Grønlund M, Jakobsen I, Grotemeyer MS,
Rentsch D, Miyao A, Hirochika H, Santhosh
Kumar C, Sundaresan V, Salamin N, Catausan S,
Mattes N, Heuer S, Paszkowski U (2012) Nonredundant regulation of rice arbuscular mycorrhizal
symbiosis by two members of the phosphate transporter1 gene family. Plant Cell 24:4236–4251
Yano K, Yoshida S, Mu ¨ller J, Singh S, Banba M, Vickers
K, Markmann K, White C, Schuller B, Sato S,
Asamizu E, Tabata S, Murooka Y, Perry J, Wang
TL, Kawaguchi M, Imaizumi-Anraku H, Hayashi
M, Parniske M (2008) CYCLOPS, a mediator of
symbiotic intracellular accommodation. Proc
Natl Acad Sci U S A 105(51):20540–20545
Yoshida S, Kameoka H, Tempo M, Akiyama K, Umehara M, Yamaguchi S, Hayashi H, Kyozuka J, Shirasu K (2012) The D3 F-box protein is a key
component in host strigolactone responses essential for arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. New
Phytol 196:1208–1216
Yu N, Luo D, Zhang X, Liu J, Wang W, Jin Y, Dong W,
Liu J, Liu H, Yang W, Zeng L, Li Q, He Z, Oldroyd
GED, Wang E (2014) A DELLA protein complex
controls the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in
plants. Cell Res 24:130–133
Zeng T, Holmer R, Hontelez J, Te Lintel HB, Marufu L,
de Zeeuw T, Wu F, Schijlen E, Bisseling T, Limpens
E (2018) Host- and stage-dependent secretome of
the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus
irregularis. Plant J 94:411–425
Zhang X, Dong W, Sun J, Feng F, Deng Y, He Z, Oldroyd
GE, Wang E (2015) The receptor kinase CERK1
7 Genetics and Genomics Decipher Partner Biology in Arbuscular Mycorrhizas
171
Venkateshwaran M, Jayaraman D, Chabaud M, Genre
A, Balloon AJ, Maeda J, Forshey K, den Os D,
Kwiecien NW, Coon JJ, Barker DG, Ane ´ J-M
(2015) A role for the mevalonate pathway in early
plant symbiotic signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S
A 112:9781–9786
Venice F, Ghignone S, Salvioli A, Amselem J, Novero M,
Xianan X, Sedzielewska Toro K, Morin E, Lipzen
A, Grigoriev IV, Henrissat B, Martin F, Bonfante P
(2019) At the nexus of three kingdoms: the
genome of the mycorrhizal fungus Gigaspora margarita provides insights into plant, endobacterial
and fungal interactions. Environ Microbiol
22:122–141
Vijayakumar V, Liebisch G, Buer B, Xue L, Gerlach N,
Blau S, Schmitz J, Bucher M (2015) Integrated
multi-omics analysis supports role of lysophosphatidylcholine and related glycerophospholipids
in the Lotus japonicus–Glomus intraradices
mycorrhizal symbiosis. Plant Cell Environ 39
(2):393–415
Voß S, Betz R, Heidt S, Corradi N, Requena N (2018)
RiCRN1, a crinkler fffector from the arbuscular
mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis, functions in arbuscule development. Front Microbiol
9:2068. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02068.
eCollection 2018
Wang B, Yeun LH, Xue JY, Liu Y, Ane ´ JM, Qiu YL
(2010) Presence of three mycorrhizal genes in the
common ancestor of land plants suggests a key
role of mycorrhizas in the colonization of land by
plants. New Phytol 186:514–525
Wang E, Schornack S, Marsh JF, Gobbato E, Schwessinger B, Eastmond P, Schultze M, Kamoun S,
Oldroyd GED (2012) A common signalling process
that promotes mycorrhizal and oomycete colonization of plants. Curr Biol 22(23):2242–2246
Wang M, Weiberg A, Dellota E, Yamane D, Jin H (2017)
Botrytis smallRNABcsiR37 suppresses plant
defense genes by cross-kingdom RNAi. RNA Biol
14:421–428
Wang M, Scha ¨fer M, Li D, Halitschke R, Dong C,
McGale E, Paetz C, Song Y, Li S, Dong J, Heiling
S, Groten K, Franken P, Bitterlich M, Harrison MJ,
Paszkowski U, Baldwin IT (2018) Blumenols as
shoot markers of root symbiosis with arbuscular
mycorrhizal fungi. elife 7:e37093. https://doi.org/
10.7554/eLife.37093
Waters MT, Brewer PB, Bussell JD, Smith SM, Beveridge CA (2012) The Arabidopsis ortholog of rice
DWARF27 acts upstream of MAX1 in the control
of plant development by strigolactones. Plant
Physiol 159(3):1073–1085
Waters MT, Gutjahr C, Bennett T, Nelson DC (2017)
Strigolactone signaling and evolution. Annu Rev
Plant Biol 68:291–322
Wewer V, Brands M, Do ¨rmann P (2014) Fatty acid
synthesis and lipid metabolism in the obligate
biotrophic fungus Rhizophagus irregularis during
mycorrhization of Lotus japonicus. Plant J 79:398–
412
White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J (1990) Amplification
and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA
genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH,
Sninsky JJ, White TJ (eds) PCR protocols: a guide
to methods and applications. Academic Press, New
York, pp 315–322
Wu P, Wu Y, Liu C-C, Liu L-W, Ma F-F, Wu X-Y, Wu
M, Hang Y-Y, Chen J-Q, Shao Z-Q, Wang B (2016)
Identification of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)responsive microRNAs in tomato. Front Plant Sci
7:429
Xing X, Koch AM, Jones AMP, Ragone D, Murch S, Hart
MM (2012) Mutualism breakdown in breadfruit
domestication. Proc Biol Sci 279:1122–1130
Xue L, Cui H, Buer B, Vijayakumar V, Delaux P-M,
Junkermann S, Bucher M (2015) Network of
GRAS transcription factors involved in the control
of arbuscule development in Lotus japonicus. Plant
Physiol 167:854–871
Yamamoto K, Endo N, Degawa Y, Fukuda M, Yamada A
(2017) First detection of Endogone ectomycorrhizas in natural oak forests. Mycorrhiza 27:295–301
Yang S-Y, Grønlund M, Jakobsen I, Grotemeyer MS,
Rentsch D, Miyao A, Hirochika H, Santhosh
Kumar C, Sundaresan V, Salamin N, Catausan S,
Mattes N, Heuer S, Paszkowski U (2012) Nonredundant regulation of rice arbuscular mycorrhizal
symbiosis by two members of the phosphate transporter1 gene family. Plant Cell 24:4236–4251
Yano K, Yoshida S, Mu ¨ller J, Singh S, Banba M, Vickers
K, Markmann K, White C, Schuller B, Sato S,
Asamizu E, Tabata S, Murooka Y, Perry J, Wang
TL, Kawaguchi M, Imaizumi-Anraku H, Hayashi
M, Parniske M (2008) CYCLOPS, a mediator of
symbiotic intracellular accommodation. Proc
Natl Acad Sci U S A 105(51):20540–20545
Yoshida S, Kameoka H, Tempo M, Akiyama K, Umehara M, Yamaguchi S, Hayashi H, Kyozuka J, Shirasu K (2012) The D3 F-box protein is a key
component in host strigolactone responses essential for arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. New
Phytol 196:1208–1216
Yu N, Luo D, Zhang X, Liu J, Wang W, Jin Y, Dong W,
Liu J, Liu H, Yang W, Zeng L, Li Q, He Z, Oldroyd
GED, Wang E (2014) A DELLA protein complex
controls the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in
plants. Cell Res 24:130–133
Zeng T, Holmer R, Hontelez J, Te Lintel HB, Marufu L,
de Zeeuw T, Wu F, Schijlen E, Bisseling T, Limpens
E (2018) Host- and stage-dependent secretome of
the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus
irregularis. Plant J 94:411–425
Zhang X, Dong W, Sun J, Feng F, Deng Y, He Z, Oldroyd
GE, Wang E (2015) The receptor kinase CERK1
7 Genetics and Genomics Decipher Partner Biology in Arbuscular Mycorrhizas
171