Chapter 5
Calibration
Calibration allows the relationship between the response of detector built-in measurement instrument and the amount/concentration of the measured quantity of any
kind to be established.
In the measurement of physical quantities (e.g., mass, volume, time) calibration
means assigning a known value of the response to a measuring instrument. The
result of a calibration may be formally recorded in a document called a calibration
certificate or a calibration report.
Calibration—the operation that, under specified conditions, in the first step
establishes a relationship between the quantity values with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards and corresponding indications
with associated uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this information to
establish a relation for obtaining a measurement results from an indication.
Clause 2.39, ISO/IEC Guide 99
Although in some publications, only the first step of the given definition is regarded
as a calibration, its broader meaning is now commonly accepted. In the case of
chemical measurements, calibration of the measuring instrument covers establishing
a calibration relation given in the form of a function (calibration function) or graph
(calibration curve). An important issue for calibration is to determine the uncertainty
for the individual calibration points (the concentration of the chemical compound)
or for entire function (the range of concentration) so that they can be included in the
overall budget of the uncertainty of the measurement.
The calibration of balance consists of weighing the calibrating weight, for which
the laboratory has a calibration certificate issued by an accredited calibration laboratory. The calibration of volumetric flask consists of weighing the specified volume
of liquid; in the case of flasks (vessels of the inflow type), an empty, dry flask should
be weighed, then distilled water should be added to the level marked on the neck line
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018
E. Bulska, Metrology in Chemistry, Lecture Notes in Chemistry 101,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99206-8_5
53
Calibration
Calibration allows the relationship between the response of detector built-in measurement instrument and the amount/concentration of the measured quantity of any
kind to be established.
In the measurement of physical quantities (e.g., mass, volume, time) calibration
means assigning a known value of the response to a measuring instrument. The
result of a calibration may be formally recorded in a document called a calibration
certificate or a calibration report.
Calibration—the operation that, under specified conditions, in the first step
establishes a relationship between the quantity values with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards and corresponding indications
with associated uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this information to
establish a relation for obtaining a measurement results from an indication.
Clause 2.39, ISO/IEC Guide 99
Although in some publications, only the first step of the given definition is regarded
as a calibration, its broader meaning is now commonly accepted. In the case of
chemical measurements, calibration of the measuring instrument covers establishing
a calibration relation given in the form of a function (calibration function) or graph
(calibration curve). An important issue for calibration is to determine the uncertainty
for the individual calibration points (the concentration of the chemical compound)
or for entire function (the range of concentration) so that they can be included in the
overall budget of the uncertainty of the measurement.
The calibration of balance consists of weighing the calibrating weight, for which
the laboratory has a calibration certificate issued by an accredited calibration laboratory. The calibration of volumetric flask consists of weighing the specified volume
of liquid; in the case of flasks (vessels of the inflow type), an empty, dry flask should
be weighed, then distilled water should be added to the level marked on the neck line
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018
E. Bulska, Metrology in Chemistry, Lecture Notes in Chemistry 101,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99206-8_5
53