Editors
Liliana Mammino
School of Mathematical and
Natural Sciences
University of Venda
Thohoyandou, South Africa
Davide Ceresoli
Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Moleculari
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Milan, Italy
Jean Maruani
Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
CNRS & UPMC
Paris, France
Erkki Brändas
Department of Chemistry
Uppsala University
Uppsala, Sweden
ISSN 1567-7354
ISSN 2215-0129 (electronic)
Progress in Theoretical Chemistry and Physics
ISBN 978-3-030-34940-0
ISBN 978-3-030-34941-7 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34941-7
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part
of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission
or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar
methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from
the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this
book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the
authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained
herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard
to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Liliana Mammino
School of Mathematical and
Natural Sciences
University of Venda
Thohoyandou, South Africa
Davide Ceresoli
Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Moleculari
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Milan, Italy
Jean Maruani
Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
CNRS & UPMC
Paris, France
Erkki Brändas
Department of Chemistry
Uppsala University
Uppsala, Sweden
ISSN 1567-7354
ISSN 2215-0129 (electronic)
Progress in Theoretical Chemistry and Physics
ISBN 978-3-030-34940-0
ISBN 978-3-030-34941-7 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34941-7
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part
of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission
or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar
methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from
the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this
book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the
authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained
herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard
to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland