653
Hydrogen Production
Dickenson, R.L., Biasca, F.E., Schulman, B.L., and Johnson, H.E. 1997. Refiner options for converting and
utilizing heavy fuel oil. Hydrocarbon Processing 76(2): 57.
Dolbear, G.E. 1998. Hydrocracking: Reactions, catalysts, and processes. In Petroleum Chemistry and Refining,
J.G. Speight (Ed.). Taylor & Francis, Washington, DC, Chapter 7.
Donini, J.C. 1996. Separation and processing of hydrogen sulfide in the fossil fuel industry. Minimum Effluent
Mills Symposium, pp. 357–363.
Dragomir, R., Drnevich, R.F., Morrow, J., Papavassiliou, V., Panuccio, G., and Watwe, R. 2010. Technologies
for enhancing refinery gas value. Proceedings of AIChE 2010 SPRING Meeting, San Antonio, TX,
November 7–12.
Ehwald, H., Kürschner, U., Smejkal, Q., and Lieske, H. 2003. Investigation of different catalysts for autothermal reforming of i-octane. Proceedings of DGMK Conference on Innovation in the Manufacture and Use
of Hydrogen, Dresden, Germany, October 15–17, p. 345.
Find, J., Nagaoka, K., and Lercher, J.A. 2003. Steam reforming of light alkanes in micro-structured reactors.
Proceedings of DGMK Conference on Innovation in the Manufacture and Use of Hydrogen, Dresden,
Germany, October 15–17, p. 257.
Fleshman, J.D. 1997. In Handbook of Petroleum Refining Processes, 2nd edn., R.A. Meyers (Ed.). McGrawHill, New York, Chapter 6.2.
Gaudernack, B. 1996. Hydrogen from natural gas without release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Hydrogen Energy Progress. Proceedings of 11th World Hydrogen Energy Conference, Stuttgart,
Germany, Vol. 1, pp. 511–523.
Gross, M. and Wolff, J. 2000. Gasification of residue as a source of hydrogen for the refining industry in India.
Proceedings of Gasification Technologies Conference, San Francisco, CA, October 8–11.
Hufton, J.R., Mayorga, S., and Sircar, S. 1999. Sorption-enhanced reaction process for hydrogen production.
AIChE Journal 45: 248–256.
Kiuchi, H. 1982. Recovery of hydrogen from hydrogen sulfide with metals and metal sulfides. International
Journal of Hydrogen Energy 7(6): 477–482.
Kotera, Y., Todo, N., and Fukuda, K. 1976. Process for production of hydrogen and sulfur from hydrogen sulfide as raw material. U.S. Patent No. 3,962,409. June 8.
Luckwal, K. and Mandal, K.K. 2009. Improve hydrogen management of your refinery. Hydrocarbon Processing
88(2): 55–61.
Luinstra, E. 1996. Hydrogen from hydrogen sulfide—A review of the leading processes. Proceedings of 7th
Sulfur Recovery Conference, Gas Research Institute, Chicago, IL, pp. 149–165.
Megalofonos, S.K. and Papayannakos, N.G. 1997. Kinetics of catalytic reaction of methane and hydrogen
sulfide over MoS 2 . Journal of Applied Catalysis A: General 65(1–2): 249–258.
Miller, G.Q. and Penner, D.W. 2003. Meeting future needs for hydrogen—Possibilities and challenges.
Proceedings of DGMK Conference on Innovation in the Manufacture and Use of Hydrogen, Dresden,
Germany, October 15–17, p. 7.
Mokhatab, S., Poe, W.A., and Speight, J.G. 2006. Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing.
Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Muradov, N.Z. 1998. CO 2 -free production of hydrogen by catalytic pyrolysis of hydrocarbon fuel. Energy &
Fuels 12(1): 41–48.
Muradov, N.Z. 2000. Thermocatalytic carbon dioxide-free production of hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels.
Proceedings of Hydrogen Program Review, NREL/CP-570-28890.
Murata, K., Ushijima, H., and Fujita, K. 1997. Process for producing hydrogen from hydrocarbon. United States
Patent 5,650,132.
Nagaoka, K., Jentys, A., and Lecher, J.A. 2003. Autothermal reforming of methane over mono- and bi-metal
catalysts prepared from hydrotalcite-like precursors. Proceedings of DGMK Conference on Innovation in
the Manufacture and Use of Hydrogen, Dresden, Germany, October 15–17, p. 171.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, United States Department of Labor. 1999. Petroleum refining
processes. In OSHA Technical Manual, Section IV, Chapter 2, Washington, DC. http://www.osha.gov/
dts/osta/otm/otm_iv/otm_iv_2.html.
Raissi, A.T. 2001. Technoeconomic analysis of area II hydrogen production. Part 1. Proceedings of US DOE
Hydrogen Program Review Meeting, Baltimore, MD.
Ranke, H. and Schödel, N. 2003. Hydrogen production technology—Status and new developments. Proceedings
of DGMK Conference on Innovation in the Manufacture and Use of Hydrogen, Dresden, Germany,
October 15–17, p. 19.
Scherzer, J. and Gruia, A.J. 1996. Hydrocracking Science and Technology. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
Speight, J.G. 2000. The Desulfurization of Heavy Oils and Residua, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
Hydrogen Production
Dickenson, R.L., Biasca, F.E., Schulman, B.L., and Johnson, H.E. 1997. Refiner options for converting and
utilizing heavy fuel oil. Hydrocarbon Processing 76(2): 57.
Dolbear, G.E. 1998. Hydrocracking: Reactions, catalysts, and processes. In Petroleum Chemistry and Refining,
J.G. Speight (Ed.). Taylor & Francis, Washington, DC, Chapter 7.
Donini, J.C. 1996. Separation and processing of hydrogen sulfide in the fossil fuel industry. Minimum Effluent
Mills Symposium, pp. 357–363.
Dragomir, R., Drnevich, R.F., Morrow, J., Papavassiliou, V., Panuccio, G., and Watwe, R. 2010. Technologies
for enhancing refinery gas value. Proceedings of AIChE 2010 SPRING Meeting, San Antonio, TX,
November 7–12.
Ehwald, H., Kürschner, U., Smejkal, Q., and Lieske, H. 2003. Investigation of different catalysts for autothermal reforming of i-octane. Proceedings of DGMK Conference on Innovation in the Manufacture and Use
of Hydrogen, Dresden, Germany, October 15–17, p. 345.
Find, J., Nagaoka, K., and Lercher, J.A. 2003. Steam reforming of light alkanes in micro-structured reactors.
Proceedings of DGMK Conference on Innovation in the Manufacture and Use of Hydrogen, Dresden,
Germany, October 15–17, p. 257.
Fleshman, J.D. 1997. In Handbook of Petroleum Refining Processes, 2nd edn., R.A. Meyers (Ed.). McGrawHill, New York, Chapter 6.2.
Gaudernack, B. 1996. Hydrogen from natural gas without release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Hydrogen Energy Progress. Proceedings of 11th World Hydrogen Energy Conference, Stuttgart,
Germany, Vol. 1, pp. 511–523.
Gross, M. and Wolff, J. 2000. Gasification of residue as a source of hydrogen for the refining industry in India.
Proceedings of Gasification Technologies Conference, San Francisco, CA, October 8–11.
Hufton, J.R., Mayorga, S., and Sircar, S. 1999. Sorption-enhanced reaction process for hydrogen production.
AIChE Journal 45: 248–256.
Kiuchi, H. 1982. Recovery of hydrogen from hydrogen sulfide with metals and metal sulfides. International
Journal of Hydrogen Energy 7(6): 477–482.
Kotera, Y., Todo, N., and Fukuda, K. 1976. Process for production of hydrogen and sulfur from hydrogen sulfide as raw material. U.S. Patent No. 3,962,409. June 8.
Luckwal, K. and Mandal, K.K. 2009. Improve hydrogen management of your refinery. Hydrocarbon Processing
88(2): 55–61.
Luinstra, E. 1996. Hydrogen from hydrogen sulfide—A review of the leading processes. Proceedings of 7th
Sulfur Recovery Conference, Gas Research Institute, Chicago, IL, pp. 149–165.
Megalofonos, S.K. and Papayannakos, N.G. 1997. Kinetics of catalytic reaction of methane and hydrogen
sulfide over MoS 2 . Journal of Applied Catalysis A: General 65(1–2): 249–258.
Miller, G.Q. and Penner, D.W. 2003. Meeting future needs for hydrogen—Possibilities and challenges.
Proceedings of DGMK Conference on Innovation in the Manufacture and Use of Hydrogen, Dresden,
Germany, October 15–17, p. 7.
Mokhatab, S., Poe, W.A., and Speight, J.G. 2006. Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing.
Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Muradov, N.Z. 1998. CO 2 -free production of hydrogen by catalytic pyrolysis of hydrocarbon fuel. Energy &
Fuels 12(1): 41–48.
Muradov, N.Z. 2000. Thermocatalytic carbon dioxide-free production of hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels.
Proceedings of Hydrogen Program Review, NREL/CP-570-28890.
Murata, K., Ushijima, H., and Fujita, K. 1997. Process for producing hydrogen from hydrocarbon. United States
Patent 5,650,132.
Nagaoka, K., Jentys, A., and Lecher, J.A. 2003. Autothermal reforming of methane over mono- and bi-metal
catalysts prepared from hydrotalcite-like precursors. Proceedings of DGMK Conference on Innovation in
the Manufacture and Use of Hydrogen, Dresden, Germany, October 15–17, p. 171.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, United States Department of Labor. 1999. Petroleum refining
processes. In OSHA Technical Manual, Section IV, Chapter 2, Washington, DC. http://www.osha.gov/
dts/osta/otm/otm_iv/otm_iv_2.html.
Raissi, A.T. 2001. Technoeconomic analysis of area II hydrogen production. Part 1. Proceedings of US DOE
Hydrogen Program Review Meeting, Baltimore, MD.
Ranke, H. and Schödel, N. 2003. Hydrogen production technology—Status and new developments. Proceedings
of DGMK Conference on Innovation in the Manufacture and Use of Hydrogen, Dresden, Germany,
October 15–17, p. 19.
Scherzer, J. and Gruia, A.J. 1996. Hydrocracking Science and Technology. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
Speight, J.G. 2000. The Desulfurization of Heavy Oils and Residua, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.