209
Chemical Composition
Bestougeff, M.A. 1961. J. Etudes Methodes Separation Immediate Chromatogr. Comptes Rendus (Paris), p. 55.
Bjorseth, A. 1983. Handbook of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
Brooks, J. and Welte, D.H. 1984. Advances in Petroleum Geochemistry. Academic Press, New York.
Charbonnier, R.P., Draper, R.G., Harper, W.H., and Yates, A. 1969. Analyses and Characteristics of Oil Samples
from Alberta. Information Circular IC 232, Department of Energy Mines and Resources, Mines Branch,
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Draper, R.G., Kowalchuk, E., and Noel, G. 1977. Analyses and Characteristics of Crude Oil Samples Performed
between 1969 and 1976. Report ERP/ERL 77-59 (TR). Energy, Mines, and Resources, Ottawa, Ontario,
Canada.
Durand, B. 1980. Kerogen: Insoluble Organic Matter from Sedimentary Rocks. Editions Technip, Paris, France.
Eglinton, G. and Murphy, B. 1969. Organic Geochemistry: Methods and Results. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Felix, G., Bertrand, C., and Van Gastel, F. 1985. Hydroprocessing of heavy oils and residua. Chromatographia
20: 155–160.
Freidlina, I.K. and Skorova, A.E. (Eds.). 1980. Organic Sulfur Chemistry. Pergamon Press, New York.
Gallegos, E.J.J. 1981. Alkylbenzenes derived from carotenes in coals by GC/MS. Chromatographic Science
19: 177–182.
Green, J.A., Green, J.B., Grigsby, R.D., Pearson, C.D., Reynolds, J.W., Sbay, I.Y., Sturm, O.P. Jr. et al. 1989.
Analysis of Heavy Oils: Method Development and Application to Cerro Negro Heavy Petroleum, NIPER452 (DE90000200). Volumes I and II. Research Institute, National Institute for Petroleum and Energy
Research (NIPER), Bartlesville, OK.
Hirsch, D.E., Cooley, J.E., Coleman, H.J., and Thompson, C.J. 1974. Qualitative Characterization of Aromatic
Concentrates of Crude Oils from GPC Analysis. Report 7974. Bureau of Mines, U.S. Department of the
Interior, Washington, DC.
Hodgson, G.W., Baker, B.L., and Peake, E. 1967. Geochemistry of porphyrins. In Fundamental Aspects of
Petroleum Geochemistry, B. Nagy and U. Columbo (Eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,
Chapter 5.
Killops, S.D. and Readman, J.W. 1985. HPLC fractionation and GC-MS determination of aromatic hydrocarbons for oils and sediments. Organic Geochemistry 8: 247–257.
Lee, M.L., Novotny, M.S., and Bartle, K.D. 1981. Analytical Chemistry of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds.
Academic Press Inc., New York.
Long, R.B. 1979. The concept of asphaltenes. Preprints Division of Petroleum Chemistry American Chemical
Society 24(4): 891.
Long, R.B. 1981. The concept of asphaltenes. In The Chemistry of Asphaltenes, J.W. Bunger and N. Li (Eds.).
Advances in Chemistry Series No. 195. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.
McKay, J.F., Weber, J.H., and Latham, D.R. 1976. Characterization of nitrogen bases in high-boiling petroleum
distillates. Analytical Chemistry 48: 891–898.
Pearson, C.D. and Green, J.B. 1993. Vanadium and nickel complexes in petroleum resid acid, base, and neutral
fractions. Energy & Fuels 7: 338–346.
Quirke, J.M.E. 1987. Metal Complexes in Fossil Fuels, R.H. Filby and J.F. Branthaver (Eds.). Symposium
Series No. 344. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, p. 74.
Rall, H.T., Thompson, C.J., Coleman, H.J., and Hopkins, R.L. 1972. Sulfur Compounds in Crude Oil. Bulletin
659, Bureau of Mines, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, DC.
Reynolds, J.G. 1998. In Petroleum Chemistry and Refining, J.G. Speight (Ed.). Taylor & Francis Publishers,
Washington, DC, Chapter 3.
Sakarnen, K.V. and Ludwig, C.H. 1971. Lignins: Occurrence, Formation, Structure and Reactions. John Wiley
& Sons Inc., New York.
Schucker, R.C. and Keweshan, C.F. 1980. Reactivity of cold lake asphaltenes. Preprints Division of Fuel
Chemistry, American Chemical Society 25: 155.
Seifert, W.K. and Teeter, R.M. 1970. Identification of polycyclic aromatic and heterocyclic crude oil carboxylic
acids. Analytical Chemistry 42: 750–758.
Speight, J.G. 1971. Thermal cracking of athabasca bitumen, athabasca asphaltenes, and athabasca deasphalted
heavy oil. Fuel 49: 134.
Speight, J.G. 1981. Asphaltenes as an organic natural product and their influence on crude oil properties,
Proceedings Division of Geochemistry American Chemical Society, New York Meeting, New York.
Speight, J.G. 1986. Polynuclear aromatic systems in petroleum. Preprints Division of Petroleum Chemistry
American Chemical Society 31(4): 818.
Speight, J.G. 1987. Initial reactions in the coking of residua. Preprints Division of Petroleum Chemistry
American Chemical Society 32(2): 413.
Chemical Composition
Bestougeff, M.A. 1961. J. Etudes Methodes Separation Immediate Chromatogr. Comptes Rendus (Paris), p. 55.
Bjorseth, A. 1983. Handbook of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
Brooks, J. and Welte, D.H. 1984. Advances in Petroleum Geochemistry. Academic Press, New York.
Charbonnier, R.P., Draper, R.G., Harper, W.H., and Yates, A. 1969. Analyses and Characteristics of Oil Samples
from Alberta. Information Circular IC 232, Department of Energy Mines and Resources, Mines Branch,
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Draper, R.G., Kowalchuk, E., and Noel, G. 1977. Analyses and Characteristics of Crude Oil Samples Performed
between 1969 and 1976. Report ERP/ERL 77-59 (TR). Energy, Mines, and Resources, Ottawa, Ontario,
Canada.
Durand, B. 1980. Kerogen: Insoluble Organic Matter from Sedimentary Rocks. Editions Technip, Paris, France.
Eglinton, G. and Murphy, B. 1969. Organic Geochemistry: Methods and Results. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Felix, G., Bertrand, C., and Van Gastel, F. 1985. Hydroprocessing of heavy oils and residua. Chromatographia
20: 155–160.
Freidlina, I.K. and Skorova, A.E. (Eds.). 1980. Organic Sulfur Chemistry. Pergamon Press, New York.
Gallegos, E.J.J. 1981. Alkylbenzenes derived from carotenes in coals by GC/MS. Chromatographic Science
19: 177–182.
Green, J.A., Green, J.B., Grigsby, R.D., Pearson, C.D., Reynolds, J.W., Sbay, I.Y., Sturm, O.P. Jr. et al. 1989.
Analysis of Heavy Oils: Method Development and Application to Cerro Negro Heavy Petroleum, NIPER452 (DE90000200). Volumes I and II. Research Institute, National Institute for Petroleum and Energy
Research (NIPER), Bartlesville, OK.
Hirsch, D.E., Cooley, J.E., Coleman, H.J., and Thompson, C.J. 1974. Qualitative Characterization of Aromatic
Concentrates of Crude Oils from GPC Analysis. Report 7974. Bureau of Mines, U.S. Department of the
Interior, Washington, DC.
Hodgson, G.W., Baker, B.L., and Peake, E. 1967. Geochemistry of porphyrins. In Fundamental Aspects of
Petroleum Geochemistry, B. Nagy and U. Columbo (Eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,
Chapter 5.
Killops, S.D. and Readman, J.W. 1985. HPLC fractionation and GC-MS determination of aromatic hydrocarbons for oils and sediments. Organic Geochemistry 8: 247–257.
Lee, M.L., Novotny, M.S., and Bartle, K.D. 1981. Analytical Chemistry of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds.
Academic Press Inc., New York.
Long, R.B. 1979. The concept of asphaltenes. Preprints Division of Petroleum Chemistry American Chemical
Society 24(4): 891.
Long, R.B. 1981. The concept of asphaltenes. In The Chemistry of Asphaltenes, J.W. Bunger and N. Li (Eds.).
Advances in Chemistry Series No. 195. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.
McKay, J.F., Weber, J.H., and Latham, D.R. 1976. Characterization of nitrogen bases in high-boiling petroleum
distillates. Analytical Chemistry 48: 891–898.
Pearson, C.D. and Green, J.B. 1993. Vanadium and nickel complexes in petroleum resid acid, base, and neutral
fractions. Energy & Fuels 7: 338–346.
Quirke, J.M.E. 1987. Metal Complexes in Fossil Fuels, R.H. Filby and J.F. Branthaver (Eds.). Symposium
Series No. 344. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, p. 74.
Rall, H.T., Thompson, C.J., Coleman, H.J., and Hopkins, R.L. 1972. Sulfur Compounds in Crude Oil. Bulletin
659, Bureau of Mines, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, DC.
Reynolds, J.G. 1998. In Petroleum Chemistry and Refining, J.G. Speight (Ed.). Taylor & Francis Publishers,
Washington, DC, Chapter 3.
Sakarnen, K.V. and Ludwig, C.H. 1971. Lignins: Occurrence, Formation, Structure and Reactions. John Wiley
& Sons Inc., New York.
Schucker, R.C. and Keweshan, C.F. 1980. Reactivity of cold lake asphaltenes. Preprints Division of Fuel
Chemistry, American Chemical Society 25: 155.
Seifert, W.K. and Teeter, R.M. 1970. Identification of polycyclic aromatic and heterocyclic crude oil carboxylic
acids. Analytical Chemistry 42: 750–758.
Speight, J.G. 1971. Thermal cracking of athabasca bitumen, athabasca asphaltenes, and athabasca deasphalted
heavy oil. Fuel 49: 134.
Speight, J.G. 1981. Asphaltenes as an organic natural product and their influence on crude oil properties,
Proceedings Division of Geochemistry American Chemical Society, New York Meeting, New York.
Speight, J.G. 1986. Polynuclear aromatic systems in petroleum. Preprints Division of Petroleum Chemistry
American Chemical Society 31(4): 818.
Speight, J.G. 1987. Initial reactions in the coking of residua. Preprints Division of Petroleum Chemistry
American Chemical Society 32(2): 413.